Photosynthetic Acclimation of Sweet Pepper Plants to Screenhouse Conditions

Kitta, E.; Katsoulas, Ν.; Kandila, Anna; González-Real, M.M.; Baille, Alain

doi:10.21273/hortsci.49.2.166

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Similarly, these environmental stresses, especially high temperatures and wind, likely contributed to the lowest yields recorded in open-field trial in Lubbock where frequently high winds and dust are common during the spring. Although weather parameters were not monitored during this study in Lubbock, Wallace et al 45 previously measured wind speed 46 times greater in the OF 50 observed similar findings under screenhouse condition compared with that of OF. Yet, these authors measured substantially higher light use efficiency on sweet pepper plants in the screenhouse conditions compared to OF.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Stability of yield and its components in grafted tomato tested across multiple environments in Texas

Djidonou

Leskovar

Joshi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Grafting with vigorous rootstocks could offer tomato growers in Texas sustainable and efficient option to achieve reliable yield across a range of production systems and locations. Genotypes (G) of grafted and non-grafted tomato were grown in different environments (E) in the 2017 and 2018 spring seasons. The objectives of the study were to (i) evaluate the effects of production system and grafting on tomato yield traits, (ii) determine the size of genotypic and genotype by environment interaction (G × e) variance components, and (iii) evaluate the relative stability of tested genotypes for yield and its components across production environments. In 2017, genotypes were non-grafted 'TAMU Hot Ty' (TAM) and 'Tycoon' (TY) and each grafted on commercial tomato rootstocks 'Estamino' (TAM/ ES, TY/ES) and 'Multifort' (TAM/MU, TY/MU) while in 2018, TAM and 'HM1823' (HM) were grafted on 'Estamino' (TAM/ES, HM/ES) and 'Multifort' (TAM/MU, HM/MU). Testing environments were high tunnel (HT) and open-field (OF) in Uvalde in 2017 while in 2018, these were HT and OF in Lubbock (LU-HT, LU-OF), Overton (OV-HT, OV-OF), Uvalde (UV-HT, UV-OF), and Weslaco (WE-HT, WE-OF). Total and marketable yields, fruit number per plant, and average fruit weight were significantly affected by E, G, and G × E interaction. Environmental component contributed 71-86% to the total variation for all these traits, while genotype explained 1.5-10.8%, and the contribution of G × E ranged between 4.3 to 6.7%. Estimation of the univariate statistic parameters and genotype plus genotype × environment (GGE) biplot analysis indicated that HM/MU and HM/ES were the most stable graft combination with the highest total and marketable yields, while TAM/ES was very unstable for yields across test environments. TAM/MU was stable but with yield lower than the grand mean. These results suggest that high tomato yields could be consistently achieved with grafted combination (HM/MU and HM/ES) especially under high tunnel production system across the regions of texas. Genetics, environmental factors, and cultural management practices typically determine the extent of quantitative traits of economic importance such as genotype or cultivar yield. As such, the proportion of the variation in this phenotypic trait due to the main effect of genotype (G), the environment (E) and their interactions (G × E) is routinely assessed during the process of selecting top-performing lines 1. In this regard, multilocation trials are routinely conducted to assess the pattern of genotypic response over a number of locations and years (test environments). Typically, a significant G × E exists whenever the genotype performance greatly differs with environments 2,3. When a significant G × E is identified, subsequent stability analysis is often carried out to identify stable genotypes which exhibit consistently higher yield over several environments 4. The presence of significant G × E has been found in growth and yield traits of several field 5-8 and vegetable crops 3,9-11. In tomato (Solanum lyc...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Stability of yield and its components in grafted tomato tested across multiple environments in Texas

Djidonou

Leskovar

Joshi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…It was followed by the Kimchi cabbage grown in zone A. The area with the lowest maximum photosynthetic rate was zone C. Previous research revealed that the maximum carboxylation rate, maximum rate of electron transport, and triose phosphate utilization rate of the higher temperature treatment plants were signi cantly lower than those of the control [7,8,22,26,29,31,32]. It was con rmed that the GTG can be applied to climate change response and adaptation studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Fluid Dynamics Simulation and Temperature Gradient Validation along a Greenhouse Temperature Gradient

Kim¹,

Lee²,

Wi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Climate change is increasing the vulnerability of horticultural crop cultivation and production. It is urgent to study such extreme weather phenomena (heatwave, drought, etc.), and in particular, to evaluate crop productivity according to temperature change. For this purpose, the crop physiological response to temperature change in simulated weather conditions was studied. However, there is a limitation in artificial light wavelength, which requires experiments to be carried out in protected facilities or open fields. In this study, we simulated temperature differences with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in tunnel-type greenhouses. They can create temperature gradients and improve the accuracy of CFD with vertically and horizontally measured temperature profiles. The growth and physiological response of Kimchi cabbage were examined and validated using a temperature gradient within a semi-closed plastic tunnel.Results: Correlation coefficients of measured heights were: 1.120, 0.597, and 0.459. Root mean square error was below 0.1025, which means the CFD simulation values were highly accurate. The error analysis showed that it was possible to accurately predict temperature gradients change within a semi-closed tunnel-type greenhouse using CFD techniques. CFD results showed an average error of 0.597°C compared to field monitoring results. The maximum temperature difference of GTG was 5.7°C, suggesting a well-controlled set point (6°C difference between outside conditions and inside conditions of GTG). In a cloudy day, the gradient temperature of GTG was well maintained by the set differential temperature (dT), which suggests that the set dT was not precisely and accurately performed in GTG of a sunny day. There was a significant difference in the growth, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and Ci concentration along with temperature differences in GTG.Conclusions: CFD can simulate temperature gradient distribution in a tunnel-type greenhouse and predict the temperature difference for equipment with different specifications. These facilities can be used in climate change-related studies, such as assessment of crop production area optimization, crop physiological response to temperature, vulnerability assessment of crop production under increasing temperatures, or extreme weather.

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“…The black fine-mesh plots in Kentucky produced significantly smaller fruit than the other treatments in 2013; however, the white fine-mesh plots produced larger fruit in 2014 along with more fancy grade peppers than the other treatments. Possibly the 'Aristotle' pepper used in this study may be unable to compensate for shading effects like other pepper varieties (Jaimez and Rada, 2006;Kitta et al, 2014) and consequently produces smaller fruit under dark screens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, netting does increase shading of plants and may reduce yields (Ajwang et al, 2002). Studies investigating the shading effects of barrier screens on specific pepper varieties, including Dolmi (Kitta et al, 2014) and yellow lantern chili (Capsicum chinense; Jaimez and Rada, 2006) concluded that the pepper plants actually compensated for the shading effects and produced fruit that was not significantly different from fruit produced in unscreened counterparts. These studies suggest pepper may be an ideal crop to protect from stink bugs with barrier screens because of their shading compensation and were, therefore, selected as the study crop for these screen trials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusion of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug from Organically Grown Peppers Using Barrier Screens

Dobson

Rogers

Moore

et al. 2016

hortte

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The brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys) is a nonnative insect that damages vegetables and other crops in the United States. Because of the current lack of effective control options for organic growers to combat this pest, barrier screens with different mesh sizes were evaluated in their ability to exclude the brown marmorated stink bug, provide entry to beneficial species, and to produce a high percentage of marketable yield. Barrier screens with 1/6-, 1/8-, and 1/25-inch mesh sizes, along with unscreened controls, covered ‘Aristotle’ bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants at field sites in Kentucky and Tennessee in 2013–14. In Kentucky, where brown marmorated stink bug pressure was low, overshading decreased the marketable yield under dark, 1/25-inch mesh screens in 2013. Outbreaks of aphids (Aphididae) under light-colored, 1/25-inch mesh plots in 2014 suggest a higher risk of secondary pests proliferating under these screens. In Tennessee, where brown marmorated stink bug pressure was higher and light colored, 1/25-inch mesh screens were tested in 2013–14, the 1/25-inch mesh plots produced the highest yield, due to the general exclusion of insects and protection from sunscald. In areas with small brown marmorated stink bug populations, lighter colored, and/or wider meshes (1/8-inch or 1/6-inch) may be required to allow the entry of sunlight and beneficial species. In areas with higher brown marmorated stink bug pressure, finer meshes (1/25-inch) may be appropriate to exclude larger populations of pests and to protect the crop from sunscald.

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Photosynthetic Acclimation of Sweet Pepper Plants to Screenhouse Conditions

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Stability of yield and its components in grafted tomato tested across multiple environments in Texas

Stability of yield and its components in grafted tomato tested across multiple environments in Texas

Fluid Dynamics Simulation and Temperature Gradient Validation along a Greenhouse Temperature Gradient

Exclusion of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug from Organically Grown Peppers Using Barrier Screens

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