Photosynthetic activity in relation to chlorophylls, carbohydrates, phenolics and growth of a hybrid Salix purpurea × triandra × viminalis 2 at various Zn concentrations

Abstract

Key message Zn caused an increase of photosynthesis activity, carbohydrates and chlorophyll at the level 1-2.5 mM, while phenols revealed a continuous increase together with Zn increase in the medium. Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of various Zn application levels on some physiological, morphological and biochemical parameters of a hybrid Salix purpurea 9 triandra 9 viminalis 2. Plants were cultivated under control conditions with application of Zn in the range 0-5 mM. The effects on net photosynthesis rate (P N ), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration rate (E), intercellular CO 2 (C i ), chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, growth, sugars and phenols were analysed. Our investigations confirmed a dual role of Zn, with benefits at the level 1-2.5 mM, and a decrease of measured photosynthesis activity, carbohydrates and chlorophyll below and above this range. Moreover, the decrease of these parameters at the highest Zn application did not reach the level of control plants. This means that this species may have further potential as an accumulator in polluted areas. However, phenols revealed a continuous increase together with Zn increase in the medium.

Effect of Acetaminophen (APAP) on Physiological Indicators in Lactuca sativa

“…On the other hand, the conclusions of, e.g., [ 37 ], in the case of Lemna minor and Phaseolus vulgaris [ 38 ], suggest that the effect of APAP on plant photosynthetic processes may be species dependent. In accordance with the work of [ 35 ], and increased content of chlorophyll b appears to be an adaptive mechanism to the toxic effects of diclofenac. According to [ 39 ], an increase in chlorophyll content may be related to a decrease in the enzymatic activities of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatedependent Chl (ide) b reductase and ferredoxin-dependent hydroxymethyl Chl(ide) reductase, but further studies are needed to clarify this mechanism.…”

“…There is a possibility that PSII can be damaged by stress, which can escalate to lower electron transfer and prolonged time before reaching maximum fluorescence intensity [ 34 ]. The rate of photosynthesis is also considered a relevant parameter while analyzing levels of stress in plants [ 35 ].…”

Chelate-assisted phytoextraction: Growth and ecophysiological responses by Salix schwerinii E.L Wolf grown in artificially polluted soils

“…However, S. schwerinii exposed to the Cu pollution had reduced photosynthetic activity (CO 2 uptake), which could be due to the reduction of chlorophyll content by toxic effects of Cu. Similar results were reported for Salix acmophylla in Cu and Ni polluted soils (Ali et al, 2003) and for hybrid S. purpurea × triandra × viminalis in Zn polluted soils by Borowiak et al (2015). Results might be due to the formation of ROS that interferes with the thylakoid membrane of a chloroplast and to the negative impact of metals in plants, which has also been found for gas exchange activities (Almeida-Rodríguez et al, 2016).…”

Assessment of cadmium tolerance and phytoextraction ability in young Populus deltoides L. and Populus × euramericana plants through morpho-anatomical and physiological responses to growth in cadmium enriched soil

“…The decreased carotenoid content observed in plant species during Cd toxicity has been ascribed to a protective mechanism that preserves chlorophyll pools at the expense of carotenoids, due to overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS -Tang et al 2015). Therefore, the increase in carotenoid concentrations observed under heavy metal stress contributes to cell protection against oxidative damage (Borowiak et al 2015). Nevertheless, the concentration of carotenoids was not considerably changed in P. deltoides plants.…”