Photosynthetic and Morphological Responses of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) to Waterlogging Stress

Abstract

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) is an important oilseed crop that is rich in fatty acids and protein. Climate-change-related stresses, such as chilling, high temperature, and waterlogging can cause severe production loss in this crop. In this study, we investigated the photosynthetic responses of sacha inchi seedlings to short-term waterlogging and their morphological changes after long-term waterlogging stress. Sacha inchi CO2 uptake, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate are affected by temperature and light intensity. The seedlings had a high CO2 uptake (>10 μmol m−2s−1) during the daytime (08:00 to 15:00), and at 32 and 36 °C. At 32 °C, CO2 uptake peaked at irradiations of 1000 and 1500 µmol m−2s−1, and plants could still perform photosynthesis at high-intensity radiation of 2000–3000 µmol m−2s−1. However, after 5 days of waterlogging (5 DAF) sacha inchi seedlings significantly reduced their photosynthetic ability. The CO2 uptake, stomatal conductance, Fv/Fm, ETR, and qP, etc., of the susceptible genotypes, were significantly decreased and their wilting percentage was higher than 50% at 5 DAF. This led to a higher wilting percentage at 7 days post-recovery. Among the four lines assessed, Line 27 had a high photosynthetic capability and showed the best waterlogging tolerance. We screened many seedlings for long-term waterlogging tolerance and discovered that some seedlings can produce adventitious roots (AR) and survive after two weeks of waterlogging. Hence, AR could be a critical morphological adaptation to waterlogging in this crop. In summary, these results suggest that improvement in waterlogging tolerance has considerable potential for increasing the sustainable production of sacha inchi.

Nutritional Comparison of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) Residue with Edible Seeds and Nuts in Taiwan: A Chromatographic and Spectroscopic Study

“…Moisture in food is related to mineral ions, organic monomers, and polymers linked through hydrogen bonds. The quality of photosynthesis in the sacha inchi plant is also affected by waterlogging [ 1 ]. In addition, the role of moisture also involves the food fermentation process [ 55 ].…”

“…The distillate was collected in an Erlenmeyer flask containing 25 mL of 0.05 N H 2 SO 4 and 2 drops of indicators and then titrated with 0.05 N NaOH. The total protein content was calculated using Equation (1). Protein content analysis was performed for each sample with 18 repetitions.…”

“…Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) is a source of quality commercial oil. In Taiwan, its commercial production commenced in 2015, and the area has reached 1200 ha [ 1 ]. Sacha inchi is also known by different names such as sacha peanut, sacha maní, incha peanut, maní del Inca, incha inchi, supua, ticazo, and mountain peanut [ 2 ].…”

Responses of Yield and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice to Climate Resources under Different Crop Rotation Patterns and Planting Methods

“…The yield depends on the accumulation and distribution of photosynthetic substances, with temperature exerting a significant effect on the photosynthetic capacity of rice [ 7 , 8 ]. Studies have shown that a high temperature can reduce the leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content, and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), resulting in a decrease in dry matter accumulation (DMA) [ 9 ].…”

Photosynthesis under Environmental Fluctuations: A Challenge for Plants, a Challenge for Researchers

“…Crops which are ideal for land particularly susceptible to recurrent extreme events should have sufficient photosynthetic flexibility to secure food despite such events. This problem is investigated by Chen et al, who exposed the tropical rainforest crop Plukentia volubilis to waterlogging stress and explored the possibility of selecting more tolerant lines based on their photosynthetic traits [ 15 ].…”