Photosynthetic characteristics of the subtending leaf and the relationships with lint yield and fiber quality in the late-planted cotton

Abstract

To investigate the photosynthetic characteristics in the subtending leaf of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) boll (LSCB), and their relationships with lint yield and fiber quality under cool temperature due to late planting, field experiments during 2009 to 2011 were conducted using two different cool temperature-tolerant cultivars, Kemian 1 (temperature-tolerate) and Sumian 15 (temperature-sensitive), at three planting date (25 April, 25 May and 10 June) in Nanjing (118°50 0 E, 4 32°02 0 N), China. First, the chlorophyll components in LSCB decreased with days post-anthesis, as well as soluble sugar content, amino acid content and C/N ratio. In addition, Pn, U PS II and F v / F m significantly decreased, indicating that Pn depression in LSCB was due to non-stomata closure. Second, under cool temperature due to late planting (from 25 April to 25 May and/or 10 June), Pn depression was due to stomata closure. Compared to Sumian 15, Kemian 1 demonstrated superior photosynthetic capacity. Furthermore, under cool temperature, lint biomass and seed biomass significantly decreased in parallel with the lint distribution rate, seed distribution rate and lint/seed ratio, whereas carpel distribution rate increased. These changes under cool temperature led to low lint yield and fiber strength. According to CVs and variance among three planting dates, Sumian 15 was more sensitive to cool temperature than Kemian 1.

Effect of late planting and shading on cotton yield and fiber quality formation

“…1 and 2), consistent with previous studies (Pettigrew, 1995;Zhao and Oosterhuis, 2000;Shu et al, 2008). In addition, there were significant interactions of cultivar × planting date and/or cultivar × shading treatment on fiber length and strength, and the significant interaction of planting date × shading treatment on fiber length and Micronaire, which were partly consistent with previous studies Liu et al, 2015). However, there was non-significant difference in the interaction of cultivar × planting date × shading treatment for the three traits of fiber quality.…”

“…cotton and under shading. Through analyzing the CVs of lint yield and yield components, it was shown that boll weight was significantly affected by LP, and boll number was significantly affected by shading, consistent with other studies (Cao et al, 2011;Lv et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2015). However, most of previous studies were focus on the effects of LP or shading in cotton yield.…”

“…The response of fiber quality to planting date had not come to an agreement because plant density, fertilization, weather events and cultivars adaptation can all influence fiber quality . Compared with normal-planted cotton, late-planted cotton had fiber with greater elongation and lower micronaire, while fiber length and strength decreased, remained unchanged, or increased in the late-planted cotton or under cool temperature Wrather et al, 2008;Cao et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2015).…”

Planting Density Induced Changes in Cotton Biomass Yield, Fiber Quality, and Phosphorus Distribution under Beta Growth Model

“…Fiber quality is strongly affected by growth environments (e.g., plant density, irrigation, fertilization, weather events) and there is limited understanding of the relationship between cultivars, fiber quality, and planting date [3,18]. Late planted cotton produces superior quality fiber (e.g., increased elongation and low micronaire), but low fiber length and strength [19][20][21].In cotton production systems, soil phosphorus (P) unavailability is considered a major limiting factor to lint yield formation due to the sustained capacity of leaf photosynthetic characteristics [22]. Despite high P application rates, low solubility, low mobility, and high fixation by the soil matrix limits its availability to the plants [23].…”

“…Fiber quality is strongly affected by growth environments (e.g., plant density, irrigation, fertilization, weather events) and there is limited understanding of the relationship between cultivars, fiber quality, and planting date [3,18]. Late planted cotton produces superior quality fiber (e.g., increased elongation and low micronaire), but low fiber length and strength [19][20][21].…”