Photothermal conversion of gold nanoparticles for uniform pulsed laser warming of vitrified biomaterials

Liu, Yilin; Kangas, Joseph; Wang, Yiru; Khosla, Kanav; Pasek-Allen, Jacqueline L.; Saunders, Aaron E.; Oldenburg, Steven J.; Bischof, John C.

doi:10.1039/d0nr01614d

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…We developed a computational Monte Carlo model to simulate laser absorption within embryos and then estimate the possible warming rates that could be generated from laser nanowarming single‐injected zebrafish embryos using a COMSOL (finite element) model (version 4.1, Burlington MA) as previously reported. [ 39 ] Figure 5 a lists the estimated optical properties that were used in our model. We used the light scattering and absorption properties (at 1064 nm) of chicken egg white and yolk as a reasonable estimate to model laser warming of the zebrafish blastoderm and yolk respectively, because both types of embryos are similar in morphology, lipid, protein, and water content.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optical properties of μ abs , μ s and the anisotropy factor g for GNR laden PG solutions were recently characterized to specifically to model laser warming within the blastoderm, perivitelline space and the surrounding droplet. [ 39 ] C abs was measured to be 3.83 × 10 −15 m 2 previously for the specific PEG coated GNRs. [ 29,31,39 ] So, for the single injection case, injecting GNRs to achieve a concentration of N = 1.4 × 10 17 np m −3 would give NC abs = 5.36 cm −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More details about the use of Monte Carlo and COMSOL simulations to simulate laser interaction within GNR laden droplets can be found in an earlier work. [ 39 ] This approach allowed for the calculation of the warming rates and temperature profiles in the embryos during laser warming. The absorption coefficient (cm −1 ) of a nanoparticle laden medium is defined as μ abs = NC abs + μ a_medium , where N is the GNR concentration (np m −3 ) and C abs is the GNR's per‐particle absorption cross section (m 2 ), and μ a_medium is the absorption coefficient of the medium (i.e., water and proteins in blastoderm, water and lipid in yolk).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 39 ] C abs was measured to be 3.83 × 10 −15 m 2 previously for the specific PEG coated GNRs. [ 29,31,39 ] So, for the single injection case, injecting GNRs to achieve a concentration of N = 1.4 × 10 17 np m −3 would give NC abs = 5.36 cm −1 . Yilin et al 2020 [ 39 ] also found that protein–water medium (0.18 cm −1 ) had much lower μ abs than the injected GNRs and thus can be neglected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[29,31,39] So, for the single injection case, injecting GNRs to achieve a concentration of N = 1.4 × 10 17 np m −3 would give NC abs = 5.36 cm −1 . Yilin et al 2020 [39] also found that protein-water medium (0.18 cm −1 ) had much lower μ abs than the injected GNRs and thus can be neglected. So, for the purposes of the model, the μ abs for the embryo was assumed to be 5.36 cm −1 in its yolk and blastoderm.…”

Section: (10 Of 11)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryopreservation and Laser Nanowarming of Zebrafish Embryos Followed by Hatching and Spawning

et al. 2020

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protocols to bank precious germplasm from endangered species, [1,4] manage biodiversity, provide year-round access to embryos to grow and harvest important aquaculture species, [5,6] and support biomedical research [7,8] and gene banking. [9] One of the best model systems for studying teleost embryo cryopreservation is the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo. Since becoming an increasingly important model system for biomedical research, [10,11] researchers have enhanced this model into tens of thousands of mutant, transgenic, and wild-type zebrafish lines. [12-14] Since preserving all these valuable genotypes through live fish colonies is expensive, risky, and beyond the capacity of even the largest stock centers, cryopreservation is an important technique for insuring against the loss of genetically important lines due to catastrophic events, such as the spread of an infectious disease or reproductive failures within a breeding facility. [10,11] Further, it can reduce significant long-term cost and space needs by banking valuable zebrafish lines that are not routinely used. [10,11] In last decade many other aquatic species such as medaka, [15] Xiphophorus, [16] and Xenopus [17] have also become increasingly valuable biomedical models and require robust embryo cryopreservation protocols for long term maintenance of transgenic and mutant lines. [10] Cryopreservation relies on two key techniques. First, a certain amount of intracellular water must be replaced with viscous antifreeze molecules, or cryoprotective agents (CPA). Second, the cooling and rewarming of specimens to and from cryogenic temperatures must occur at rates faster than the rates of ice crystallization. These "critical cooling" and "critical warming" rates and the CPA type and concentration used for vitrification are inversely related, i.e., the higher the CPA concentration is, the lower the critical cooling and warming rates. In addition, critical warming rates exceed critical cooling rates by at least an order of magnitude in both cryoprotectant media and biological systems. [18,19] The main challenges with applying the these well-known principles of cryopreservation to zebrafish embryos are i) the relatively large size of the embryo (1000 times bigger in volume than the mammalian gametes that are routinely cryopreserved), resulting in a low surface-to-volume ratio that impedes water and CPA efflux/influx; ii) the presence of multiple compartments, such as the blastoderm and yolk, with differing This study shows for the first time the ability to rewarm cryopreserved zebrafish embryos that grow into adult fish capable of breeding normally. The protocol employs a single injection of cryoprotective agents (CPAs) and gold nanorods (GNRs) into the yolk and immersion in a precooling bath to dehydrate the perivitelline space. Then embryos are encapsulated within CPA and GNR droplets, plunged into liquid nitrogen, cryogenically stabilized, and rewarmed by a laser pulse. Postlaser nanowarming, embryos (n = 282) exhibit intact structure by 1 h (40%), continued ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (10 Of 11)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryopreservation and Laser Nanowarming of Zebrafish Embryos Followed by Hatching and Spawning

et al. 2020

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The First Proof of Concept Demonstration of Nanowarming in Coral Tissues

Daly

Bouwmeester

Perry

et al. 2023

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Coral reefs are threatened by anthropogenic climate change, which causes ocean acidification and warming that can result in coral death and the loss of genetic diversity on reefs around the world. Global efforts to secure the genetics of threatened populations using cryopreservation and biobanking are underway but are limited to coral sperm and larvae, available only during brief annual spawning events. Methods to cryopreserve adult coral tissues to enable biobanking activities year‐round are urgently needed, but are challenging due to the presence of a calcium carbonate skeleton and algal symbionts within the tissues, and chill sensitivity. In this study, vitrification and laser nanowarming permitted successful recovery of adult coral tissues in a novel sample type, the single‐polyp microfragment. Fluorescence and confocal microscopy shows clearly defined green fluorescent protein auto‐fluorescence around the polyp mouth post‐warming, with an overall survival rate of 39.7 ± 7.4% at 24 h post‐warming and 23.3 ± 9.7% at 1 month, but relatively few algal symbionts are present in the tissues, indicating poor survival of these cells. These proof‐of‐concept results provide a basis for continued research and development of a field‐ready protocol for cryopreservation of adult coral tissues, which will be essential to prevent extinctions and support reef restoration.

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Gold Nanostructures for an Effective Bone Cancer Therapy: Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation

Mohammadzadeh,

Labbaf,

Kermanpur

2024

Advcd Theory and Sims

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Gold nanostructures play a crucial role in medical applications, harnessing size and shape‐dependent properties. A prominent area of research is cancer treatment through the photothermal approach. Here, numerical simulation is explored to study the impact of gold nanostructure size, shape, and laser parameters on spatiotemporal temperature patterns during photothermal therapy (PTT). Spherical, rod, star, bipyramid, and cubic nanostructures in small, medium, and large sizes underwent 150 s of laser irradiation. COMSOL software, incorporating bioheat physics, precisely gauged thermal variations. The structural characteristics notably influence the temperature profiles, with medium‐sized rod, star, and bipyramid gold nanoparticles exhibiting superior thermal properties. Experimental validation of simulations focuses on the optimal nanostructure, synthesizing through the seed growth method. Transmission electron microscopy, UV‐visible spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction analysis confirm its proposed characteristics. Results demonstrate a robust correlation between experimental and simulation parameters, affirming precision. Findings showcase photothermal properties in line with theoretical predictions. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal gold nanostructure for bone cancer treatment using PTT, addressing the challenges presented by the dense and resilient nature of bone tissue and deep tumor locations. By utilizing multi‐physical modeling and simulations facilitated by COMSOL software, a novel method for pre‐clinical estimation is introduced. This research provides insights into each nanoparticle‐based PTT process prior to ex vivo and in vivo studies, offering a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between nanostructure characteristics and PTT outcomes. The approach contributes to advancing the field of cancer treatment by enhancing the predictability and effectiveness of nanoparticle‐mediated PTT.

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Photothermal conversion of gold nanoparticles for uniform pulsed laser warming of vitrified biomaterials

Abstract: The gold nanoparticles' ratio of light scattering to absorption can be designed to more uniformly distribute the absorbed energy during rapid pulsed laser warming of vitrified biomaterials in droplets.

Cited by 25 publications

References 54 publications

Cryopreservation and Laser Nanowarming of Zebrafish Embryos Followed by Hatching and Spawning

Cryopreservation and Laser Nanowarming of Zebrafish Embryos Followed by Hatching and Spawning

The First Proof of Concept Demonstration of Nanowarming in Coral Tissues

Gold Nanostructures for an Effective Bone Cancer Therapy: Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation

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