Phototropin-mediated perception of light direction in Arabidopsis leaves regulates blade flattening

Legris, Martina; Szarzynska-Erden, Bogna Maria; Trevisan, Martine; Petrolati, Laure Allenbach; Fankhauser, Christian

doi:10.1101/2021.05.25.445665

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 47 publications

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“…Possibly, the basic levels of auxin biosynthesis under control conditions suffice to create a basal level of PIN3 asymmetry in the petiole that is enlarged by additional FR-induced auxin biosynthesis. Other putative factors that could contribute to the abaxial-adaxial PIN3 asymmetry include signalling via leaf-polarity factors [27][28][29] , asymmetric leaf and vasculature structure (Figure 3C), gravity 30 and even a light signalling gradient within the tissue 31 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local light signalling at the leaf tip drives remote differential petiole growth through auxin-gibberellin dynamics

Küpers

Snoek

Oskam

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Although plants are immobile, many of their organs are flexible to move in response to environmental cues. In dense vegetation plants detect neighbours through far-red light perception with their leaf tip. They respond remotely, with asymmetrical growth between the abaxial and adaxial sides of the leafstalk, the petiole. This results in upward movement that brings the leaf blades into better lit zones of the canopy. The plant hormone auxin is required for this response, but it is not understood how non-differential leaf tip-derived auxin can remotely regulate movement. Here we show that remote light signalling promotes auxin accumulation in the abaxial petiole by reinforcing an intrinsic auxin transport directionality. In the petiole, auxin elicits a response of both auxin as well as a second growth promoter; gibberellin. We show that this dual regulation is necessary for hyponastic leaf movement in response to light. Our results reveal how plants can spatially relay information about neighbour proximity from their sensory leaf tips to the petiole base, thus driving adaptive growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local light signalling at the leaf tip drives remote differential petiole growth through auxin-gibberellin dynamics

Küpers

Snoek

Oskam

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Manipulation of light environment for optimising photoreceptor activity towards enhancing plant traits of agronomic and horticultural importance in crops

Kharshiing¹,

Mawphlang²,

Lama³

et al. 2022

The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology

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Shade suppresses wound-induced leaf repositioning through a mechanism involving PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE (PKS) genes

Fiorucci

Michaud

Schmid‐Siegert

et al. 2021

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Shaded plants challenged with herbivores or pathogens prioritize growth over defense. However, most experiments have focused on the effect of shading light cues on defense responses. To investigate the potential interaction between shade-avoidance and wounding-induced Jasmonate (JA)-mediated signaling on leaf growth and movement, we used repetitive mechanical wounding of leaf blades to mimic herbivore attacks. Phenotyping experiments with combined treatments on Arabidopsis thaliana rosettes revealed that shade strongly inhibits the wound effect on leaf elevation. By contrast, petiole length is reduced by wounding both in the sun and in the shade. Thus, the relationship between the shade and wounding/JA pathways varies depending on the physiological response, implying that leaf growth and movement can be uncoupled. Using RNA-sequencing, we identified genes with expression patterns matching the hyponastic response (opposite regulation by both stimuli, interaction between treatments with shade dominating the wound signal). Among them were genes from the PKS (Phytochrome Kinase Substrate) family, which was previously studied for its role in phototropism and leaf positioning. Interestingly, we observed reduced shade suppression of the wounding effect in pks2pks4 double mutants while a PKS4 overexpressing line showed constitutively elevated leaves and was less sensitive to wounding. Our results indicate a trait-specific interrelationship between shade and wounding cues on Arabidopsis leaf growth and positioning. Moreover, we identify PKS genes as integrators of external cues in the control of leaf hyponasty further emphasizing the role of these genes in aerial organ positioning.Author summaryPlants face different types of stressful situations without the ability to relocate to favorable environments. For example, increasing plant density reduces access to sunlight as plants start to shade each other. Foliar shading represents a stress that many plants cope with by changing their morphology. This includes elongation of stem-like structures and repositioning of leaves to favor access to unfiltered sunlight. Plants also defend themselves against various pathogens including herbivores. Defense mechanisms include the production of deterrent chemical and morphological adaptations such as stunted growth and downwards leaf repositioning. Here we studied the morphological response of plants when simultaneously facing shade and herbivore stress. When facing both stresses petiole growth was intermediate between the shade-enhanced and wound-repressed response. In contrast, the shade cue overrides the wounding cue leading to a similar upwards leaf repositioning in the combined treatments or in the response to shade alone. Using gene expression analyses and genetics we identified two members of the Phytochrome Kinase Substrate family as playing a signal integration role when plants simultaneously faced both stresses. This contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying plant morphological adaptations when facing multiple stresses.

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Phototropin-mediated perception of light direction in Arabidopsis leaves regulates blade flattening

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

Local light signalling at the leaf tip drives remote differential petiole growth through auxin-gibberellin dynamics

Local light signalling at the leaf tip drives remote differential petiole growth through auxin-gibberellin dynamics

Manipulation of light environment for optimising photoreceptor activity towards enhancing plant traits of agronomic and horticultural importance in crops

Shade suppresses wound-induced leaf repositioning through a mechanism involving PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE (PKS) genes

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