“…Currently, there are numerous technologies for industrial wastewater treatment. [2][3][4] Titanium dioxide, 5 graphene, 6 and other materials have achieved effective degradation of dyes, but the technology to detect the degradation process must be prepared separately. Conventional analytical methods, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 7,8 uorescence spectroscopy, 9 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 10,11 and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 12,13 are oen used to monitor the dye degradation process, but they have strict requirements on dye concentration and are limited by complex pretreatment process, time-consuming process, high cost, and lack of sensitivity and specicity.…”