Photovoltaic and photothermal effects induced by visible laser radiation in atomic force microscopy probes

Pichois, M.D.; Henning, X.; Hurier, M.A.; Vomir, M.; Barsella, Alberto; Mager, Loı̈c; Donnio, Bertrand; Gallani, Jean‐Louis; Rastei, M. V.

doi:10.1016/j.ultramic.2022.113601

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Accordingly, the measurement of the force gradient through heterodyne detection suppresses the contributions owing to the scattering force and the photothermal effect on the cantilever, where the laser excitation impacts the cantilever dynamics. [99][100][101][102][103] The PiFM signal also involves photothermal force originating from the sample expansion after optical absorption that is mediated by the noncontact vdW force, which is termed the thermally modulated vdW force. In addition, there is the thermally induced photoacoustic force due to acoustic wave propagation (in a nonvacuum medium) and the optomechanical damping caused by the vibrating cantilever.…”

Section: Advances and Principles Of Near-field Optical Imaging Techni...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Near‐Field Nano‐Optical Imaging of van der Waals Materials

Kwon

Kim

Pei-wen

et al. 2023

Advanced Physics Research

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Abstract2D van der Waals (vdW) materials are emerging as the next generation platform for optical and electronic devices with their wide coverage of the energy bandgaps. The strong light–matter interactions in 2D vdW layers allow for exploring novel optical and electronic phenomena such as 2D polaritons exhibiting ultrahigh field confinement, defects‐induced new quantum states, and strain‐modulated quantum confinement of 2D excitons. Far‐field optical imaging techniques are extensively used to characterize the 2D vdW materials so far, however, subdiffraction spatial resolution is required for comprehensive investigations of 2D vdW materials of which physical properties are greatly influenced by local defects and strain. This article aims to cover historical advances, fundamental principles, and distinct features of emerging near‐field optical imaging techniques: scattering‐type scanning near‐field optical microscopy, tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy, tip‐enhanced photoluminescence techniques, and photo‐induced force microscopy. The recent developments toward spectroscopic analysis of near‐field imaging and applications for unveiling unique properties of 2D polaritons, nanoscale defects, and mechanical strains in 2D vdW materials, are also discussed. This review article provides an understanding of emerging near‐field imaging techniques and suggests prospective applications for exploring 2D vdW materials.

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Section: Advances and Principles Of Near-field Optical Imaging Techni...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Near‐Field Nano‐Optical Imaging of van der Waals Materials

Kwon

Kim

Pei-wen

et al. 2023

Advanced Physics Research

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Low frequency photothermal excitation of AFM microcantilevers

Deolia

Raman

Wagner

2023

Journal of Applied Physics

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Photothermal excitation at frequencies below the mechanical resonance of the atomic force microscopy (AFM) microcantilever can be utilized in force modulation microscopy, fast force displacement curve acquisition, and tip-based mass spectroscopy. To understand the microcantilever bending response in these modes, accurate models of the thermoelastic response of the AFM microcantilever are needed. We study the sub-resonance photothermal vibrational response of coated and uncoated AFM microcantilevers as a function of laser modulation frequency and spot location. The sub-resonance microcantilever response shows distinct thermoelastic regimes. Below the microcantilever's thermal roll-off frequency, the vibration amplitude is mostly constant. Past this frequency, the vibration amplitude decreases with increasing frequency. At modulation frequencies below the thermal roll-off frequency, the most efficient photothermal laser spot to excite harmonic motion is near the free end of both coated and uncoated microcantilevers. For the tested coated microcantilevers, the most efficient photothermal laser location migrates from near the free end of the microcantilever to near the fixed end as modulation frequency increases. For the tested uncoated microcantilever, the most efficient photothermal laser location remains unchanged at the tested frequencies. To predict the bending response of the coated microcantilever, a bilayer bending model is implemented. At low frequencies, this model underpredicts the bending response compared to experiments by up to 90%. This may be due to neglecting microcantilever bending contributed by a through-thickness temperature gradient. Our results illustrate different aspects of the frequency-dependent photothermal laser spot optimization that can guide users to maximizing microcantilever response to a given input power.

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Photovoltaic and photothermal effects induced by visible laser radiation in atomic force microscopy probes

Cited by 2 publications

References 50 publications

Near‐Field Nano‐Optical Imaging of van der Waals Materials

Near‐Field Nano‐Optical Imaging of van der Waals Materials

Low frequency photothermal excitation of AFM microcantilevers

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