Photovoltaic effect in single carbon nanotube-based Schottky diodes

Zhang, Jiangbo; Xi, Ning; Chen, Hongzhi; Lai, King Wai Chiu; Li, Guangyong; Wejinya, Uchechukwu C.

doi:10.1504/ijnp.2008.020266

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Asymmetric architecture, by using metals with high/low workfunctions to connect a CNT, was proposed to improve the performance of CNT photodiodes, since CNT Schottky diodes detect signal intensity difference between two contacts. 10 However, the performance of the CNT Schottky photodiode was constrained by the workfunction variation from technique difficulties in controlling CNT synthesis. 11 Therefore, doping level of nanotubes needs to be controlled in order to optimize CNT detector's performance.…”

Section: Cnt Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared imaging using carbon nanotube-based detector

Chen

Song

et al. 2011

SPIE Proceedings

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Using carbon nanotubes (CNT), high performance infrared detectors have been developed. Since the CNTs have extraordinary optoelectronics properties due to its unique one dimensional geometry and structure, the CNT based infrared detectors have extremely low dark current, low noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD), short response time, and high dynamic range. Most importantly, it can detect 3-5 um middle-wave infrared (MWIR) at room temperature. This unique feature can significantly reduce the size and weight of a MWIR imaging system by eliminating a cryogenic cooling system. However, there are two major difficulties that impede the application of CNT based IR detectors for imaging systems. First, the small diameter of the CNTs results in low fill factor. Secondly, it is difficult to fabricate large scale of detector array for high resolution focal plane due to the limitations on the efficiency and cost of the manufacturing. In this paper, a new CNT based IR imaging system will be presented. Integrating the CNT detectors with photonic crystal resonant cavity, the fill factor of the CNT based IR sensor can reach as high as 0.91. Furthermore, using the compressive sensing technology, a high resolution imaging can be achieved by CNT based IR detectors. The experimental testing results show that the new imaging system can achieve the superb performance enabled by CNT based IR detectors, and, at the same time, overcame its difficulties to achieve high resolution and efficient imaging.

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Section: Cnt Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared imaging using carbon nanotube-based detector

Chen

Song

et al. 2011

SPIE Proceedings

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“…Compared to bulk materials, 1D materials possess a number of unique properties arose from their geometries, making them potential candidates to outperform traditional optical devices. In particular, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are of great interest for exploring as functional elements for 1D photodetectors due to their perfect nanohollow cylinder structure [2,3]. However, a critical challenge for obtaining high-performance 1D photodetectors is the dimension incompatibility between photodetectors and optical wavelengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical antennas were embedded in these photodetectors, acting as part of the photodetectors. In our design, the bowtie antenna performs as a plasmonic lens, which can be easily integrated into all types of high performance 1D photodetectors [3,[19][20][21][22]. In particular, the bowtie antenna perfectly matches with the CNT photodetector due to the compatibility of the diameter of CNT and gap distance of the bowtie antenna, because the electric field (E-field) enhancement exponentially increases with decreasing gap distance [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic-Resonant Bowtie Antenna for Carbon Nanotube Photodetectors

Chen

Lai

et al. 2012

International Journal of Optics

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The design of bowtie antennas for carbon nanotube (CNT) photodetectors has been investigated. CNT photodetectors have shown outstanding performance by using CNT as sensing element. However, detection wavelength is much larger than the diameter of the CNT, resulting in small fill factor. Bowtie antenna can confine light into a subwavelength volume based on plasmonic resonance, thus integrating a bowtie antenna to CNT photodetectors can highly improve photoresponse of the detectors. The electric field enhancement of bowtie antennas was calculated using the device geometry by considering fabrication difficulties and photodetector structure. It is shown that the electric field intensity enhancement increased exponentially with distance reduction between the CNT photodetector to the antenna. A redshift of the peak resonance wavelength is predicted due to the increase of tip angles of the bowtie antennas. Experimental results showed that photocurrent enhancement agreed well with theoretical calculations. Bowtie antennas may find wide applications in nanoscale photonic sensors.

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“…High-density vertical zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire array has been demonstrated as a high performance photoconductor due to the high surface-to-volume ratio of the nanowires [3]. Operation of another type of photovoltaic detector depends on the Schottky barriers between a nanowire and metals, which contributes to the photo-generated carriers separation and photocurrent generation [9]. However, photodetectors using thin films of 1D materials as functional elements lose their particular properties and advantages due to the interaction between nanowires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%