Photovoltaic High-Frequency Pulse Charger for Lead-Acid Battery under Maximum Power Point Tracking

Abstract

A photovoltaic pulse charger (PV-PC) using high-frequency pulse train for charging lead-acid battery (LAB) is proposed not only to explore the charging behavior with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) but also to delay sulfating crystallization on the electrode pores of the LAB to prolong the battery life, which is achieved due to a brief pulse break between adjacent pulses that refreshes the discharging of LAB. Maximum energy transfer between the PV module and a boost current converter (BCC) is modeled to maximize the charging energy for LAB under different solar insolation. A duty control, guided by a power-increment-aided incremental-conductance MPPT (PI-INC MPPT), is implemented to the BCC that operates at maximum power point (MPP) against the random insolation. A 250 W PV-PC system for charging a four-in-series LAB (48 Vdc) is examined. The charging behavior of the PV-PC system in comparison with that of CC-CV charger is studied. Four scenarios of charging statuses of PV-BC system under different solar insolation changes are investigated and compared with that using INC MPPT.

A Differential Evolution Based MPPT Method for Photovoltaic Modules under Partial Shading Conditions

“…Then, the highest power in is selected as best and the corresponding is saved as best . If the difference among the three power values Δ is greater than 1.5%, the algorithm continues to create the donor vector DV through (6), where the mutation factor is 0.6. In the proposed algorithm, the mutation direction is ensured to be always converging towards the best solution, best by comparing 1, to best and with the condition as shown in (6) as follows:…”

“…Therefore, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller is required to ensure that the highest possible power is harvested from the PV modules. In recent years, there are numbers of researches on the MPPT algorithm such as fractional open circuit voltage [4,5], fractional short circuit voltage [4], incremental conductance (Inc Cond) algorithm [5][6][7][8][9], fuzzy logic [10], perturbation and observation (P&O) [11][12][13], and neural network [14].…”

Photovoltaic Power System with MPPT Functionality for a Small-Size Electric Vehicle

“…Research on how to improve the transfer efficiency of PV power systems is now becoming popular. A photovoltaic pulse charger using high-frequency pulse trains for charging a lead-acid battery is proposed in [1]. This system can not only explore the charging behavior with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) but also delay sulfating crystallization on the electrode pores of the battery to prolong battery life.…”