Photovoltaic modules designed for architectural integration without negative performance consequences

López-Escalante, M.C.; Navarrete-Astorga, Elena; Pérez, Miguel; Barrado, José; Martı́n, Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115741

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Moreover, a reflective foil backsheet could be utilized to improve the PV module efficiency by diffusely or non-diffusely reflecting the incident light with possible gains in the range of 1 to 3% [2]. White is the most widely used color for backsheets, whereas black backsheets are frequently encountered for aesthetic purposes [3]. According to research [4], optimizing the gap between cells and using white backsheets lead to 1 to 2% of improvement in the maximal power compared with the usage of black ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the infrared properties of the backsheet on the efficiency of an encapsulated photovoltaic silicon cell

Khouzam,

Logerais

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The efficiency of an encapsulated photovoltaic (PV) silicon cell is studied by modeling the radiative exchanges between its layers, focusing on the influence of the radiative properties of the backsheet on the cell temperature. The model uses the Monte-Carlo method to solve the radiative transfer equation. Two-dimensional simulations were performed, showing how the radiative properties of the backsheet affected the silicon cell temperature, which was then used to calculate the current-voltage characteristic and the efficiency of two PV modules. The results revealed a significant sensitivity of the model to the emissivity of the top-side backsheet, with a 19.4°C temperature difference for the silicon cell and, a 9.5% and 13.3% increase in the maximum power between a fully reflective and a fully absorptive backsheet for the two PV modules. Overall, the study highlights the importance of considering radiative properties in the design and optimization of PV panels, as they can have a substantial impact on their performances.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the infrared properties of the backsheet on the efficiency of an encapsulated photovoltaic silicon cell

Khouzam,

Logerais

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…In the last decades, many studies focused on PV fault diagnosis have been carried out. The existing methods can be mainly categorized into three types: sensing-based methods [4], [5], [6], electrical characteristics-based methods [7], [8], [9] and machine learning-based (ML) methods [10], [11]. The sensing-based methods and electrical characteristics-based methods rely on manual fault feature extraction and some key parameters need to be determined through specific experiments according to the topology, which reduces the generalization of models and is not suitable for increasingly complex PV stations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asynchronous Decentralized Federated Learning for Collaborative Fault Diagnosis of PV Stations

Liu,

Yang,

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Due to the different losses caused by various photovoltaic (PV) array faults, accurate diagnosis of fault types is becoming increasingly important. Compared with a single one, multiple PV stations collect sufficient fault samples, but their data is not allowed to be shared directly due to potential conflicts of interest. Therefore, federated learning can be exploited to train a collaborative fault diagnosis model. However, the modeling efficiency is seriously affected by the model update mechanism since each PV station has a different computing capability and amount of data. Moreover, for the safe and stable operation of the PV system, the robustness of collaborative modeling must be guaranteed rather than simply being processed on a central server. To address these challenges, a novel asynchronous decentralized federated learning (ADFL) framework is proposed. Each PV station not only trains its local model but also participates in collaborative fault diagnosis by exchanging model parameters to improve the generalization without losing accuracy. The global model is aggregated distributedly to avoid central node failure. By designing the asynchronous update scheme, the communication overhead and training time are greatly reduced. Both the experiments and numerical simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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“…8 Researchers have extensively implemented metal surface made of aluminum or silver, 9 different textured substrates and white laminates as suitable BR designs for boosting the photocurrent, such as white paint coatings, 10,11 periodic structures, [12][13][14] plasmonic nanostructures, 15 random texures 16 and white backsheets. 17,18 White backsheets and metal coated structures have been commonly employed in the industry since white backsheet could guide more than half of the light while metal coated structures guided nearly 75% of light hitting inactive areas onto the cells, thereby increasing the conversion efficiency of PV modules by around 1%. 19 Apart from the reflectance of BR, the space between cells resulting into passive area (inactive area) losses on the PV module is also another crucial factor in influencing energy efficiency.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized White Laminate and Redirecting Film as Back Reflectors for High-Efficiency Monofacial and Bifacial Photovoltaic Modules

Tao¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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We present the analysis and optimization of white EVA, white backsheet, and redirecting film as back reflector (BR) options applied to the commercial half cell (HC) photovoltaic (PV) modules. White EVA and white backsheet are diffusively reflecting to enhance efficiency on monofacial modules and redirecting film is a structured film applied in the areas between the cells/strings reflecting incoming light at specific angles to the cell surface, which is beneficial for bifacial modules. The influence of BR designs on the optoelectronic performance of PV modules is studied theoretically and experimentally. The combination of white EVA and white backsheet is found to be optically more efficient because of improved light reflecting and scattering, and by applying an optimized transparent/white EVA with an thickness of 0.23/0.22 mm, the maximal electric power of 574.3 W (efficiency of 22.23%) could be obtained. The bifacial module with redirecting film generates about 1.7%~2.1% more current/power from front side with varying cell/string spaces, but the reduced bifaciality factors of approximate 77.6%~77.5% are observed.

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Photovoltaic modules designed for architectural integration without negative performance consequences

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Impact of the infrared properties of the backsheet on the efficiency of an encapsulated photovoltaic silicon cell

Impact of the infrared properties of the backsheet on the efficiency of an encapsulated photovoltaic silicon cell

Asynchronous Decentralized Federated Learning for Collaborative Fault Diagnosis of PV Stations

Optimized White Laminate and Redirecting Film as Back Reflectors for High-Efficiency Monofacial and Bifacial Photovoltaic Modules

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