Photovoltaic performance of mixed cation K_0.005MA_0.995PbI₃‐based perovskite solar module

Abstract

Hybrid halide perovskites (HHPs) are attracting large attention due to their excellent photovoltaic characteristics. MAPbI3 (MA = CH3NH3) based solar cells are widely studied both on experimental and theoretical fronts. Alkali metal ion doping in the absorbing layer material (MAPbI3) of HHP solar cells is helpful for enhancing the photovoltaic performance and stability of the complete solar module. In present work, a complete perovskite solar module with K‐doped MAPbI3 absorbing layer has been simulated numerically. The effect of various parameters such as thickness, defect density, series, and shunt resistances on device performance has been studied. After optimizing these parameters, a device with the maximum possible efficiency (20.69%) has been reported. The reproducibility of solar cells before and after optimization has also been compared with respect to the variation in carrier mobilities in absorber layer material. Higher reproducibility of the optimized device has been obtained as compared to the pristine device. This present work contains adequate information to run an experimental trial for designing solar module containing K‐doped MAPbI3 absorbing layer.

Chronological Evolution of Stability in Hybrid Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Numerical simulation is a significant and vital tool for predicting solar cell performance and providing practical direction for optimizing different geometrical and technical aspects of solar cells. [ 66–71 ] The simulation can demonstrate the physical action, and the feasibility of a specified physical model, and is a useful way to examine how device parameters impact the physical operation and device performance without having to wait long. Throughout the field of photovoltaics, numerous simulation models are being used like AMPS, COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS, GPVDM, SCAPS‐1D, SETFOS, SILVACO, and TCAD.…”

“…Device performance is highly influenced by a variety of parameters such as device architecture, compositional engineering, and film production process. [ 28–31 ] Importantly, PSC's efficiency is generally dependent on the materials utilized in the various layers as well as the film deposition technique employed. [ 32–36 ] The description of some important techniques for the thin film deposition of PSCs such as solutions‐based processing methods like spin coating and dip coating, and roll‐to‐roll printing methods, with a focus on the parameters affecting the quality and the thickness of the coated thin films on the substrate are as follows:…”

Design and Optimization of a Triple‐Cation Perovskite Solar Cell for Efficiency Promotion using Numerical Simulations

“…Here, we introduced various ETLs such as SnO 2 , TiO 2 , La-doped BaSnO 3 (LBSO), Indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) and Graphene oxide (GO), and various HTLs such as Spiro-OMeTAD, P3HT, Cu 2 O, CuI, CBTS, CFTS and CuSbS 2 in the pristine heterostructure (FTO/ETL/(GA/FA/Cs)PbI 3 /HTL/Au) in order to attain the configuration with best PV performance. The input simulation parameters for these materials were extracted from previous literature reports [21,23,[27][28][29] as presented in SI Table S1. Concurrently, a thickness of 40 nm and a bulk defect density of 1 × 10 15 cm À 3 are taken into consideration for the scrutiny of the proposed ETLs in the PSC.…”

“…All the basic input parameters for various materials used in the present simulation work were extracted from the existing literature [13,[21][22][23][24][25][26] and are summarized in Supplementary Information (SI) Table S1. At 300 K, the simulated device was exposed to standard AM 1.5 G (100 mW cm À 2 ) solar spectrum.…”