Phthalate exposure alters gut microbiota composition and IgM vaccine response in human newborns

Yang, Yuanting; Yang, Yuxing; Lin, I-Hsuan; Chen, Yingyu; Lin, Hung-Yun; Wu, Congjun; Su, Yu-Tsun; Yang, Yao-Jong; Yang, San‐Nan; Suen, Jau‐Ling

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2019.110700

Cited by 53 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[ 66 , 67 ] Cross-Infection Enhancement (infection enhancement of one virus by antibodies from another virus) [ 68 , 69 ] Vaccine-associated Virus Interference (where vaccinated individuals may be at increased risk for other respiratory viruses because they do not receive the non-specific immunity associated with natural infection) [ [70] , [71] , [72] , [73] , [74] , [75] ]; Vaccine-Associated Imprinting Reduction (where vaccinations could also reduce the benefits of ‘imprinting’, a protection conferred upon children who experienced infection at an early age) [ 76 , 77 ]; Non-Specific Vaccine Effects on Immune System (where previous infections can alter an individual's susceptibility to unrelated diseases) [ 78 , 79 ]; Impact of Infection Route on Immune System (where immune protection can be influenced by the route of exposure/delivery) [ [80] , [81] , [82] ]; Impact of Combinations of Toxic Stimuli (where people are exposed over their lifetime to myriad toxic stimuli that may impact the influence of any vaccine) [78; 83, 84]; Antigenic Distance Hypothesis (negative interference from prior season’s influenza vaccine (v1) on the current season’s vaccine (v2) protection may occur when the antigenic distance is small between v1 and v2 (v1 ≈ v2) but large between v1 and the current epidemic (e) strain (v1 ≠ e).) [ [85] , [86] , [87] ]; Bystander Activation (activation of T cells specific for an antigen X during an immune response against antigen Y) [ [88] , [89] , [90] ]; Gut Microbiota (Impact of gut microbial composition on vaccine response) [ [91] , [92] , [93] , [94] , [95] ]; Homologous Challenge Infection Enhancement (the strain of challenge virus used in the testing assay is very closely related to the seed virus strain used to produce the vaccine that a subject received) [ [96] , [97] , [98] ]; Immune Evasion (evasion of host response to viral infection) [ …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine- and natural infection-induced mechanisms that could modulate vaccine safety

et al. 2020

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine- and natural infection-induced mechanisms that could modulate vaccine safety

et al. 2020

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“…The host immune response to the environmental pollutants is closely related to the resident commensal microbiota. The latest study reported that early-life DEHP exposure altered gut microbiota of newborns and changed their immune responses in later life [80]. Here, the expression of key genes indicated slightly different immune responses between male and female zebrafish by DEHP exposure, which may connect with various alterations of intestinal bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

DEHP chronic exposure disturbs the gut microbial community and metabolic homeostasis: Gender-based differences in zebrafish

Pei

Jia

Xin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a predominant phthalate ester (PAE), exhibits various toxic potentials with environmental and human health risks. However, the chronic effects of DEHP exposure on gut microbiota and associated host’s health are still largely unexplored. Here, zebrafish were exposed to relative environmental levels (0-100 μg/L) of DEHP from embryos to adult (3.5 months), then the developmental indexes and microbiota as well as the related energy metabolites in gut tissues were checked to unveil the effects during the growth progress. Results: The results indicated that the composition of gut microbiota was different among male and female adult zebrafish, and DEHP disrupted the diversity and richness of the bacterial community. The histopathological analysis of intestinal tissues revealed the decrease of villus length and tunica muscularis thickness, especially the goblet cells per villi in male fish. Moreover, energy metabolites in gut tissues were actively increased at lower levels groups, which probably contribute to the condition factor of host. For immune-related genes, the expression levels of il-8 was increased both in female and male fish in the lowest concentration (10 μg/L), but the tlr-5 and il-1β genes were in the different response with significantly decreased in female fish. Conclusion: Taken all together, those results indicated that chronic exposure to DEHP led to zebrafish obesity with the disturbed bacterial community in the gut and related metabolism pathways. Those findings provided deep insights on the perturbation of gut microbiota, metabolic homeostasis, and gender-based differences by DEHP exposure.

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“…• In BALB/c mice testosterone concentration decreased. Studies in humans Yang et al (2019) Newborns DEHP exposure in through medical treatment…”

Section: (Continued)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang et al (2020) postulate that the differences in the toxicity of DEP on different strains and species of rodents are related to the distinctive DEPinduced changes in gut. Lastly, Yang et al (2019) investigated whether phthalate exposure in newborns through medical treatment that required intravenous infusions had an impact on gut microbiota composition and diversity and found that this type of exposure caused gut dysbiosis, with decreased Rothia sp. and Bifidobacterium longum.…”

Section: (Continued)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endobolome, a New Concept for Determining the Influence of Microbiota Disrupting Chemicals (MDC) in Relation to Specific Endocrine Pathogenesis

2020

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Endogenous steroid hormones and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC) interact with gut microbiota through different pathways. We suggest the use of the term “endobolome” when referring to the group of gut microbiota genes and pathways involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and EDC. States of dysbiosis and reduced diversity of the gut microbiota may impact and modify the endobolome resulting at long-term in the development of certain pathophysiological conditions. The endobolome might play a central role in the gut microbiota as seen by the amount of potentially endobolome-mediated diseases and thereby it can be considered an useful diagnostic tool and therapeutic target for future functional research strategies that envisage the use of next generation of probiotics. In addition, we propose that EDC and other xenobiotics that alter the gut microbial composition and its metabolic capacities should be categorized into a subgroup termed “microbiota disrupting chemicals” (MDC). This will help to distinguish the role of contaminants from other microbiota natural modifiers such as those contained or released from diet, environment, physical activity and stress. These MDC might have the ability to promote specific changes in the microbiota that can ultimately result in common intestinal and chronic or long-term systemic diseases in the host. The risk of developing certain disorders associated with gut microbiota changes should be established by determining both the effects of the MDC on gut microbiota and the impact of microbiota changes on chemicals metabolism and host susceptibility. In any case, further animal controlled experiments, clinical trials and large epidemiological studies are required in order to establish the concatenated impact of the MDC-microbiota-host health axis.

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Phthalate exposure alters gut microbiota composition and IgM vaccine response in human newborns

Cited by 53 publications

References 32 publications

Vaccine- and natural infection-induced mechanisms that could modulate vaccine safety

Vaccine- and natural infection-induced mechanisms that could modulate vaccine safety

DEHP chronic exposure disturbs the gut microbial community and metabolic homeostasis: Gender-based differences in zebrafish

Endobolome, a New Concept for Determining the Influence of Microbiota Disrupting Chemicals (MDC) in Relation to Specific Endocrine Pathogenesis

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