Phthalate exposure and prostate cancer in a population-based nested case-control study

Chuang, Shu‐Chun; Chen, Hui‐Chi; Sun, Chien-Wen; Chen, Yuh-An; Wang, Yin-Han; Chiang, Chun‐Ju; Chen, Chu-Chih; Wang, Shuli; Chen, Chien-Jen; Hsiung, Chao A.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2019.108902

Cited by 57 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xenoestrogens are absorbed into the human body via digestion, inhalation and transdermal absorption. Compounds were detected in human hairs, breast milk, blood, adipose tissue, cord blood, amniotic fluid, urine, menstrual blood, and semen [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. In this review, we have attempted to answer the question: how do XEs modulate the expression of the NF-κB pathway in immune cells?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the latest trends promoting an ecological and healthy lifestyle, researchers show an increasing interest in the exposure of humans to chemical substances, which are found in food, drugs, cosmetics, plastics, and detergents ( Table 1 ) [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Some ingredients of these products are substances that mimic the action of endogenous estrogens and are collectively known as xenoestrogens (XEs) ( Figure 1 ) [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. These substances affect the organisms mainly by interacting with their nuclear hormone receptors and modulating the intracellular signaling pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NF-κB—An Important Player in Xenoestrogen Signaling in Immune Cells

Nowak

Jabłońska

Ratajczak–Wrona

2021

Cells

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The proper functioning of the immune system is critical for an effective defense against pathogenic factors such as bacteria and viruses. All the cellular processes taking place in an organism are strictly regulated by an intracellular network of signaling pathways. In the case of immune cells, the NF-κB pathway is considered the key signaling pathway as it regulates the expression of more than 200 genes. The transcription factor NF-κB is sensitive to exogenous factors, such as xenoestrogens (XEs), which are compounds mimicking the action of endogenous estrogens and are widely distributed in the environment. Moreover, XE-induced modulation of signaling pathways may be crucial for the proper development of the immune system. In this review, we summarize the effects of XEs on the NF-κB signaling pathway. Based on our analysis, we constructed a model of XE-induced signaling in immune cells and found that in most cases XEs activate NF-κB. Our analysis indicated that the indirect impact of XEs on NF-κB in immune cells is related to the modulation of estrogen signaling and other pathways such as MAPK and JAK/STAT. We also summarize the role of these aspects of signaling in the development and further functioning of the immune system in this paper.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NF-κB—An Important Player in Xenoestrogen Signaling in Immune Cells

Nowak

Jabłońska

Ratajczak–Wrona

2021

Cells

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“…In fact, nowadays the urinary levels of several phthalates such as DEHP, DBP, and BBP and the incidence in this pathology have been identified in humans and considered as prognostic indicators of the development of this type of cancer. However, their biological mechanisms of their action have not yet been fully elucidated (Chuang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Prostate Cancer and Perinatal Or Neonatal Exposure Of Bisphementioning

confidence: 99%

How microplastic components influence the immune system and impact on children health: Focus on cancer

Segovia-Mendoza

Nava-Castro

Palacios-Arreola

et al. 2020

Birth Defects Research

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Background: As a result of human socioeconomic activity, industrial wastes have increased distressingly. Plastic pollution is globally distributed across the world due to its properties of buoyancy and durability. A big health hazard is the sorption of toxicants to plastic while traveling through the environment. Two broad classes of plastic-related chemicals are of critical concern for human health-bisphenols and phthalates. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disruptor compound (EDC) with estrogenic activity. It is used in the production of materials that are used daily. The endocrine modulating activity of BPA and its effects on reproductive health has been widely studied. BPA also has effects on the immune system; however, they are poorly investigated and the available data are inconclusive. Phthalates are also EDCs used as plasticizers in a wide array of daily-use products. Since these compounds are not covalently bound to the plastic matrix, they easily leach out from it, leading to high human exposure. These compounds exert several cell effects through modulating different endocrine pathways, such as estrogen, androgen, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and arylhydrocarbon receptor pathways. The exposure to both classes of plastic derivatives during critical periods has detrimental effects on human health. Methods: In this review, we have compiled the most important of their perinatal effects on the function of the immune system and their relationship to the development of different types of cancer. Results/Conclusion: The administration of bisphenols and phthalates during critical stages of development affects important immune system components, and the immune function; which might be related to the development of different diseases including cancer.

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“…Regarding BC, phthalates' action as potential oncogenic compound is still debated, and it is necessary to plan further investigations [150]. Although the correlation between phthalates' exposure and PC development could potentially involve ERK5 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signalling, the role of phthalates in PC has been rarely reported [151] except for obese men exposed to DEHP and other phthalates [152].…”

Section: Phthalatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals’ (EDCs) Effects on Tumour Microenvironment and Cancer Progression: Emerging Contribution of RACK1

Buoso

Masi

Racchi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Endocrine disruptors (EDCs) can display estrogenic and androgenic effects, and their exposure has been linked to increased cancer risk. EDCs have been shown to directly affect cancer cell regulation and progression, but their influence on tumour microenvironment is still not completely elucidated. In this context, the signalling hub protein RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) could represent a nexus between cancer and the immune system due to its roles in cancer progression and innate immune activation. Since RACK1 is a relevant EDCs target that responds to steroid-active compounds, it could be considered a molecular bridge between the endocrine-regulated tumour microenvironment and the innate immune system. We provide an analysis of immunomodulatory and cancer-promoting effects of different EDCs in shaping tumour microenvironment, with a final focus on the scaffold protein RACK1 as a pivotal molecular player due to its dual role in immune and cancer contexts.

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Phthalate exposure and prostate cancer in a population-based nested case-control study

Cited by 57 publications

References 64 publications

NF-κB—An Important Player in Xenoestrogen Signaling in Immune Cells

NF-κB—An Important Player in Xenoestrogen Signaling in Immune Cells

How microplastic components influence the immune system and impact on children health: Focus on cancer

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals’ (EDCs) Effects on Tumour Microenvironment and Cancer Progression: Emerging Contribution of RACK1

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