Phthalate Release from Plastic Fragments and Degradation in Seawater

Paluselli, Andrea; Fauvelle, Vincent; Galgani, François; Sempéré, Richard

doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b05083

Cited by 390 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Furthermore, in the same study, the plastic leachates influenced bacterial abundance and activity differently, depending on the type of plastics and light conditions. Also, Paluselli et al [59] noted differences in the leaching of additives from different plastics kept under different light conditions and in the presence or absence of microorganisms. This supports the idea that solar radiation has a significant impact on microbial communities by indirectly affecting compounds released from different polymers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The composition of bacterial communities associated with plastic biofilms differs between different polymers and stages of biofilm succession

et al. 2019

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Once in the ocean, plastics are rapidly colonized by complex microbial communities. Factors affecting the development and composition of these communities are still poorly understood. Additionally, whether there are plastic-type specific communities developing on different plastics remains enigmatic. We determined the development and succession of bacterial communities on different plastics under ambient and dim light conditions in the coastal Northern Adriatic over the course of two months using scanning electron microscopy and 16S rRNA gene analyses. Plastics used were low- and high-density polyethylene (LDPE and HDPE, respectively), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride with two typical additives (PVC DEHP and PVC DINP). The bacterial communities developing on the plastics clustered in two groups; one group was found on PVC and the other group on all the other plastics and on glass, which was used as an inert control. Specific bacterial taxa were found on specific surfaces in essentially all stages of biofilm development and in both ambient and dim light conditions. Differences in bacterial community composition between the different plastics and light exposures were stronger after an incubation period of one week than at the later stages of the incubation. Under both ambient and dim light conditions, one part of the bacterial community was common on all plastic types, especially in later stages of the biofilm development, with families such as Flavobacteriaceae , Rhodobacteraceae , Planctomycetaceae and Phyllobacteriaceae presenting relatively high relative abundances on all surfaces. Another part of the bacterial community was plastic-type specific. The plastic-type specific fraction was variable among the different plastic types and was more abundant after one week of incubation than at later stages of the succession.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The composition of bacterial communities associated with plastic biofilms differs between different polymers and stages of biofilm succession

et al. 2019

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“…ingestion and entanglement) caused to the aquatic organisms, these fragments of different polymers could also represent new sources of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (Romera-Castillo et al, 2018; Paluselli et al, 2019) and organic additives like PAEs and OPEs J. Castro-Jiménez, et al Marine Pollution Bulletin 146 (2019) 60-66 (Paluselli et al, 2019). Indeed, a recent study reported from 5 to 54 t•y −1 of organic plastic additives, including PAEs, OPEs and bisphenols, exported by Rhone surface waters to the Gulf of Lion (Schmidt et al, n.d.).…”

Section: Environmental Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macro-litter in surface waters from the Rhone River: Plastic pollution and loading to the NW Mediterranean Sea

Castro-Jiménez

González-Fernández

Fornier

et al. 2019

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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178

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We present here the first estimates of floating macro-litter in surface waters from the Rhone River, based on monthly visual observations during 1-year period (2016-2017). Plastic represented 77% of the identified items, confirming its predominance in riverine floating litter. Fragments (2.5-50 cm) and Single Use Plastics (i.e. bags, bottles and cover/packaging) were among the most abundant items. Frequent non-plastic floating litter were paper items such as packaging material and newspapers, and metal items (mostly cans), representing 14% and 5% of total litter, respectively. A lower-end estimate resulted in ∼223,000 plastic items (∼0.7 t of plastic) transported annually by the Rhone surface waters to the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean Sea). Floating macroplastics are only a fraction of the total plastic export by the Rhone. Our study highlights the current discrepancy between field observations and theoretical estimations. Improvements are needed to harmonize data collection methodologies for field studies and model validation.

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“…Apart from industrial application, esterases are the key enzymes in the degradation of estrogenic phthalate esters, one of the most abundant groups of man-made environmental pollutants, accounting for a number of potential causes of human health problems including developmental and testicular toxicity as well as exhibiting antiandrogenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic effects [24,25]. Although there are numerous reports on the metabolism of phthalate mono-and diesters in bacteria [26][27][28][29][30], genetic information on phthalate esterases/ hydrolases that catalyzes the first step in the degradation of phthalate ester is quite limited. As far as metabolism of phthalate esters is concerned, there are only a few reports on the purified dialkyl phthalate esterase enzymes, which are capable of specifically hydrolyzing only one of the ester bonds of the diester to generate the corresponding monoalkyl phthalate esters [28,[30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a novel family VIII esterase EstM2 from soil metagenome capable of hydrolyzing estrogenic phthalates

et al. 2020

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Background: Microbes are rich sources of enzymes and esterases are one of the most important classes of enzymes because of their potential for application in the field of food, agriculture, pharmaceuticals and bioremediation. Due to limitations in their cultivation, only a small fraction of the complex microbial communities can be cultured from natural habitats. Thus to explore the catalytic potential of uncultured organisms, the metagenomic approach has turned out to be an effective alternative method for direct mining of enzymes of interest. Based on activity-based screening method, an esterase-positive clone was obtained from metagenomic libraries. Results: Functional screening of a soil metagenomic fosmid library, followed by transposon mutagenesis led to the identification of a 1179 bp esterase gene, estM2, that encodes a 392 amino acids long protein (EstM2) with a translated molecular weight of 43.12 kDa. Overproduction, purification and biochemical characterization of the recombinant protein demonstrated carboxylesterase activity towards short-chain fatty acyl esters with optimal activity for p-nitrophenyl butyrate at pH 8.0 and 37 °C. Amino acid sequence analysis and subsequent phylogenetic analysis suggested that EstM2 belongs to the family VIII esterases that bear modest similarities to class C β-lactamases. EstM2 possessed the conserved S-x-x-K motif of class C β-lactamases but did not exhibit β-lactamase activity. Guided by molecular docking analysis, EstM2 was shown to hydrolyze a wide range of di-and monoesters of alkyl-, aryl-and benzyl-substituted phthalates. Thus, EstM2 displays an atypical hydrolytic potential of biotechnological significance within family VIII esterases. Conclusions: This study has led to the discovery of a new member of family VIII esterases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first phthalate hydrolase (EstM2), isolated from a soil metagenomic library that belongs to a family possessing β-lactamase like catalytic triad. Based on its catalytic potential towards hydrolysis of both phthalate diesters and phthalate monoesters, this enzyme may find use to counter the growing pollution caused by phthalatebased plasticizers in diverse geological environment and in other aspects of biotechnological applications.

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Phthalate Release from Plastic Fragments and Degradation in Seawater

Cited by 390 publications

References 83 publications

The composition of bacterial communities associated with plastic biofilms differs between different polymers and stages of biofilm succession

The composition of bacterial communities associated with plastic biofilms differs between different polymers and stages of biofilm succession

Macro-litter in surface waters from the Rhone River: Plastic pollution and loading to the NW Mediterranean Sea

Characterization of a novel family VIII esterase EstM2 from soil metagenome capable of hydrolyzing estrogenic phthalates

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