Phthalates in plastic stationery in China and their exposure risks to school-aged children

Zhao, E.; Xiong, Xiong; Hu, Hongjuan; Li, Xin; Wu, Chenxi

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139763

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…In China, the limit for DBP, BBP, DEHP, DNOP, DINP, and DIDP in plastic toys is 0.1% of the composition of the material; for cosmetics, DEHP, BBP, and DBP are prohibited. However, phthalates are still found in a variety of products and are a cause for concern [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Origin of Phthalates in Algae: Biosynthesis and Environmental Bioaccumulation

Pace,

Vaglica,

Maccotta

et al. 2024

Environments

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Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a class of ubiquitous and dangerous lipophilic chemicals widely used as additives in various products to improve their physical and chemical properties. Although they have been banned in many countries, their persistence in all environmental compartments is of particular concern. The aquatic environment is especially affected by these compounds because it is strongly influenced both by contamination of anthropic origin and natural contaminants including those produced biosynthetically by some organisms such as algae. In this context, algal organisms can be a source and remedy for phthalate pollution. Both the increase and decrease in uptake and production depend on the physicochemical characteristics of the environment. The dynamics of the natural processes are aimed at achieving an optimal environmental state for their competitiveness and balance of the cellular homeostasis. This review summarizes the studies dealing with biosynthesis and bioaccumulation of phthalates in algae and investigates the source of their origin by suggesting strategies to identify the process leading to their presence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Origin of Phthalates in Algae: Biosynthesis and Environmental Bioaccumulation

Pace,

Vaglica,

Maccotta

et al. 2024

Environments

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Characteristics of phthalate concentrations in propellant- and trigger-type consumer spray products

Hwang,

Oh,

Park

et al. 2024

Air Qual Atmos Health

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The purposes of this study were to evaluate the bulk sample concentration and airborne concentrations of phthalate in different types of propellent and triggers in consumer spray products and estimate health risk assessment via inhalation. First, the phthalate concentrations were analyzed in the solutions of all products 174 from markets. Then, among 64 products containing phthalates, 10 propellant-type products were selected that contained high phthalate concentrations; airborne concentrations were measured at distances of 1, 3, and 5 m from the spray nozzle in a clean room. Four phthalates were detected in spray products: diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBzP), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Among propellant-type products, repellents contained the highest mean concentrations (3.90 ppm), whereas sterilized products contained the lowest mean concentrations (0.59 ppm). Among trigger-type products, cleaning products contained the highest mean concentrations (4.54 ppm), whereas coating products contained the lowest mean concentrations (0.73 ppm). In both propellant- and trigger-type products, DnBP and DEHP exceeded the standard set by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety of South Korea. No significant patterns were observed for the airborne DiBP, DnBP, and DEHP concentrations at 1, 3, and 5 m (p > 0.05). Children were one of the population groups most susceptible to health risks. Overall, phthalates were detected in both product solutions and the air in consumer spray products; some even exceeded safe limits. Therefore, consumer spray products should be used in well-ventilated areas to avoid respiratory exposure.

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Non-dietary exposure to phthalates in primary school children: Risk and correlation with anthropometric indices, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases

Wang,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Phthalates in plastic stationery in China and their exposure risks to school-aged children

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

The Origin of Phthalates in Algae: Biosynthesis and Environmental Bioaccumulation

The Origin of Phthalates in Algae: Biosynthesis and Environmental Bioaccumulation

Characteristics of phthalate concentrations in propellant- and trigger-type consumer spray products

Non-dietary exposure to phthalates in primary school children: Risk and correlation with anthropometric indices, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases

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