Phthalates levels in cold-pressed oils marketed in Turkey

Kıralan, Mustafa; Toptancı, İsra; Yavuz, Muhammed; Ramadan, Mohamed Fawzy

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-07162-y

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These values are below the specific migration limit (SML) of 1.5 mg/kg established in EU 2011/ 10 23) . Similar results were found in other vegetable oil surveys 15,24,25) . According to Table 2, DEHP was determined in blended oils during light storage conditions.…”

Section: Effect Of Blending On the Phthalate Content Of Oilssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Vavrouš et al 29) stated that DEHP was present in their vegetable oil samples, having a minimum concentration of 0.18 mg/kg in rapeseed oil and a maximum of 4.7 mg/kg in olive oil samples. DEHP presence in cold-pressed black cumin oil was also reported by Kiralan et al 15) . According to the researchers, the concentrations of DEHP varied between 12.09-52.11 mg/kg in their samples.…”

Section: Effect Of Blending On the Phthalate Content Of Oilssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used to determine the peaks. The validation parameters were according to the study of Kiralan et al 15) . LOQ (mg/kg) values for DBP, BBP, DEHP, DINP and DIDP were 0.09, 2.28, 0.23, 1.75 and 1.40, respectively.…”

Section: Phthalates Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in vegetable oils, cold-pressed oils also suffer from phthalates. Kiralan et al 15) evaluated main phthalates, including di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) , dibutyl phthalate (DBP) , butyl-benzylphthalate (BBP) , diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) , and diisodecyl phthalate (DiDP) in different cold-pressed oils sold in Turkish markets. These oils samples were packaged in glass bottles, while DEHP was found as major phthalate in contaminated oils (0.56-92.1 mg/kg) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Light on the Oxidative Stability and Phthalate Levels of Black Cumin Oil-Corn Oil Blends in Plastic and Glass Bottling

Toptancı¹,

Kıralan

Ketenoğlu

et al. 2022

J. Oleo Sci.

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jjocs al. 4) evaluated the oxidative stability of cold-pressed black cumin oils at 60℃, wherein the oil showed higher stability than grape seed oil. Besides, the oxidative stability of black cumin oil was slightly higher than that of grape seed oil under photo-oxidation conditions 5) . Due to its strong oxidative stability, black cumin oil could be blended with common vegetable oils such as sunflower oil 6) and corn oil 7) to improve the oxidative stabilities of these oils. Mohamed et al. 8) demonstrated that cold-pressed black cumin oil is an excellent edible oil source to improve the oxidative stability of corn oil stored at thermal oxidation conditions (60℃) for 8 days. Ramadan 6) also investigated the improvement in sunflower oil stability by blending with black cumin oil (10％ and 20％) under storage for 8 days at 60℃. In these oxidation experiments, glass bottles were used.

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Section: Effect Of Blending On the Phthalate Content Of Oilssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Effect Of Blending On the Phthalate Content Of Oilssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Phthalates Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Light on the Oxidative Stability and Phthalate Levels of Black Cumin Oil-Corn Oil Blends in Plastic and Glass Bottling

Toptancı¹,

Kıralan

Ketenoğlu

et al. 2022

J. Oleo Sci.

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“…Long-chain PAEs (di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), diisononyl phthalate (DiNP), diisodecyl phthalate (DiDP)) are primarily used in plastic polymers and applications such Sustainability 2021, 13, 529 2 of 14 as building and construction materials (wires and cables, electrical cords, flooring, roofing and cladding, wall coverings and floor tiles, films and sheets, paints and lacquers) and adhesives. Phthalates are also included in apparel, furniture (PVC flooring), car and public transport interiors, cosmetics, medical devices, toys and baby care products, food and packaging materials such as drinking straws, and food containers [6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, short-chain PAEs (dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBzP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP)) are often used in non-PVC applications such as personal care products, adjuvants in pesticide formulations for usage in aquatic systems, paints, glue, lubricants and plastic bags [7,9,[12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Assessment of the Sewage and Sludge Contamination by Phthalate Acid Esters (PAEs) in Eastern Europe Countries

Anne¹,

Paulauskienė²

2021

Sustainability

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Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are widely used as raw materials for industries that are well known for their environmental contamination and toxicological effects as “endocrine disruptors”. The determining of PAE contamination was based on analysis of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dipropyl phthalate (DPP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in wastewater and sediment samples collected from city sewer systems of Lithuania and Poland, and Denmark for comparison. The potential PAE sources as well as their concentrations in the wastewater were analyzed and discussed. The intention of the study was to determine the level and key sources of pollution by phthalates in some Eastern European countries and to reveal the successful managerial actions to minimize PAEs taken by Denmark. Water and sludge samples were collected in 2019–2020 and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The highest contamination with phthalates in Lithuania can be attributed to DEHP: up to 63% of total PAEs in water samples and up to 94% of total PAEs in sludge samples, which are primarily used as additive compounds to plastics but do not react with them and are gradually released into the environment. However, in water samples in Poland, the highest concentration belonged to DMP—up to 210 μg/L, while the share of DEHP reached 15 μg/L. The concentrations of priority phthalate esters in the water samples reached up to 159 μg/L (DEHP) in Lithuania and up to 1.2 μg/L (DEHP) in Denmark. The biggest DEHP concentrations obtained in the sediment samples were 95 mg/kg in Lithuania and up to 6.6 mg/kg in Denmark. The dominant compounds of PAEs in water samples of Lithuania were DEHP > DEP > DiBP > DBP > DMP. DPP and DCHP concentrations were less than 0.05 μg/L. However, the distribution of PAEs in the water samples from Poland was as follows: DMP > DEHP > DEP > DBP, and DiBP, as well as DPP and DCHP, concentrations were less than 0.05 μg/L. Further studies are recommended for adequate monitoring of phthalates in wastewater and sludge in order to reduce or/and predict phthalates’ potential risk to hydrobiots and human health.

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Esters of Aromatic Diacids (Phthalates)

Greim

2023

Patty's Toxicology

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Phthalate esters are used as plasticizers for a variety of plastic materials; those of C8 and above are used to add flexibility to polyvinyl chloride (PVC). They also are used with vinyl and cellulose resins to lend toughness and flexibility. They are commonly used in wire and cable coverings, moldings, vinyl consumer products, and medical devices. Some low‐molecular‐weight phthalate esters (e.g., methyl, ethyl, and butyl) are preferentially used as industrial solvents and in consumer products, such as ink and lacquer. Phthalates occur mainly in liquid form with high boiling ranges and very low vapor pressures, both contributing to the high stability of these materials. The critical health effects of phthalate esters like DEHP, butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), di‐ iso ‐butyl phthalate (DIBP), di‐ n ‐butyl phthalate (DNBP), and dipentyl phthalate (DPP) are their interaction with the endogenous production of fetal testicular testosterone in rats. This impairs the reproduction of rodents by decreasing sperm production so that ECHA has labeled this group as toxic for reproduction (1B), whereas high molecular phthalates (HMP) such as DINP do not warrant classification for effects on sexual function, fertility, and developmental toxicity. Currently, di‐isononylphthalate (DINP) is replacing di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) widely in industrial and consumer products. Photodegradation half‐lives of dimethyl‐ and diethylphthalate are about 14 and 3 days, respectively, those of the other esters below 1 day. Half‐lives of aerobic degradation differ largely. The acute aquatic EC or LD50 values determined in algae, daphnids, and minnows mostly did not show effects at the solubility limits. Legal limits of European Commission (EC) for phthalates in plastic layer in direct contact with food are as follows: DBP up to 0.3 mg/kg, BBP, up to 30 mg/kg, DEHP, up to 1.5 mg/kg, sum of DINP and DIDP up to 9 mg/kg.

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Phthalates levels in cold-pressed oils marketed in Turkey

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of Light on the Oxidative Stability and Phthalate Levels of Black Cumin Oil-Corn Oil Blends in Plastic and Glass Bottling

Effect of Light on the Oxidative Stability and Phthalate Levels of Black Cumin Oil-Corn Oil Blends in Plastic and Glass Bottling

The Assessment of the Sewage and Sludge Contamination by Phthalate Acid Esters (PAEs) in Eastern Europe Countries

Esters of Aromatic Diacids (Phthalates)

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