Phthalocyanine Doped Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Platform for the detection of Dopamine

Abstract

The electrocatalytic properties of metal oxides (MO = Fe3O4, ZnO) nanoparticles doped phthalocyanine (Pc) and functionalized MWCNTs, decorated on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was investigated. Successful synthesis of the metal oxide nanoparticles and the MO/Pc/MWCNT composite were confirmed using UV-Vis, EDX, XRD and TEM techniques. Successful modification of GCE with the MO and their composite was also confirmed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. GCE-MWCNT/ZnO/29H,31H-Pc was the best electrode towards DA detection with very low detection limit (0.75 μM) which compared favourably with literature, good sensitivity (1.45 μA/μM), resistance to electrode fouling, and excellent ability to detect DA without interference from AA signal. Electrocatalytic oxidation of DA on GCE-MWCNT/ZnO/29H,31H-Pc electrode was diffusion controlled but characterized with some adsorption of electro-oxidation reaction intermediates products. The fabricated sensors are easy to prepare, cost effective and can be applied for real sample analysis of dopamine in drug composition. The good electrocatalytic properties of 29H,31H-Pc and 2,3-Nc were related to their (quantum chemically derived) frontier molecular orbital energies and global electronegativities. The better performance of 29H,31H-Pc than 2,3-Nc in aiding electrochemical oxidation of DA might be due to its better electron accepting ability, which is inferred from its lower ELUMO and higher χ.

Layer-by-layer composite film of nickel phthalocyanine and montmorillonite clay for synergistic effect on electrochemical detection of dopamine

“…It deliveries information to the cells acting specially in the control of movement, pleasure sensation, besides being metabolic precursor for noradrenaline and adrenaline [1]. Normal dopamine level in blood is very low and it varies between 0.01-1.0 mol L −1 [2] and its abnormal level can result in diseases [3][4][5], as Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, where the dopamine activity is lower than healthy individuals [6]. On the opposite, Schizophrenia is connected to increased dopaminergic activity [6].…”

“…Normal dopamine level in blood is very low and it varies between 0.01-1.0 mol L −1 [2] and its abnormal level can result in diseases [3][4][5], as Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, where the dopamine activity is lower than healthy individuals [6]. On the opposite, Schizophrenia is connected to increased dopaminergic activity [6]. Due to the relevance of dopamine quantification for healthy monitoring and pharmaceutical control, the development of simple, fast and inexpensive methods for DA quantification has been focus of attention for many researchers in the last decades.…”

Electrochemical DNA Biosensor Based on Magnetite/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes/Chitosan Nanocomposite for Bacillus Cereus Detection of Potential Marker for Gold Prospecting

“…The electrochemical cyclic voltammetry (CV) is a useful technique to characterize their electron transport capacities of modified electrodes. From Figure , it is clear that the redox peaks were observed at 0.233 V and 0.171 V, these redox peaks represent [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4− /[Fe(CN) 6 ] 3− redox process . As shown in Figure A (a. b. c. d), comparative current response results obtained with the bare and modified electrodes, there was an increased current response for the GCE modified with Fe 3 O 4 /CS; MWCNTs‐COOH/CS; and Fe 3 O 4 /MWCNTs‐COOH/CS, especially immobilized of Fe 3 O 4 /MWCNTs‐COOH/CS the current response is increased about twice, this could be due to the synergistic effect of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and MWCNTs‐COOH, which accelerated electron transfer activity .…”

Carbon‐Nanotube‐Based Materials for Electrochemical Sensing of the Neurotransmitter Dopamine

“…The sensitivity and LOD for DA was 3.44 μA μM −1 and 0.36 μM respectively. The electrocatalytic features of Fe 3 O 4 , ZnO NPs doped phthalocyanine (PC) and 2,3‐Naphthalocyanine (Nc)‐functionalized MWCNTs deposited on GCE was investigated by Mphuthi et al . The corresponding LOD of DA for MWCNT/Fe 3 O 4 /2,3‐Nc, MWCNT/Fe 3 O 4 /29H,31H‐Pc, MWCNT/ZnO/2,3‐Nc and MWCNT/ZnO/29H,31H‐Pc modified electrode was 1.77, 1.35, 2.34 and 0.75 μM respectively.…”