Phylogenetic analysis of gag genes from 70 international HIV-1 isolates provides evidence for multiple genotypes

Louwagie, Joost; McCutchan, Francine E.; Peeters, Martine; Brennan, Terrence P.; Sanders‐Buell, Eric; Eddy, Gerald A.; Groen, G van der; Fransen, Katrien; Gershy-Damet, G. M.; Deleys, Robert; Burke, Donald S.

doi:10.1097/00002030-199306000-00003

Cited by 332 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

171

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…At this time we cannot predict whether the four PTLV types described will remain four separate clusters, or if new intermediate PTLV isolates or additional clusters will be discovered. The genetic diversity of PTLV strains may eventually resemble the HIV/SIV genetic variation, which has at present five major genotypes, with several subtypes sequenced within these genotypes (Louwagie et al, 1993;Myers et al, 1994;Sharp et al, 1994). Only the time scale is different, with centuries for HIV/SIV to develop a high diversity, and tens of thousands of years for PTLV.…”

Section: -M Vandamme and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of a divergent T-lymphotropic virus in a wild-caught pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) supports an African origin for the human T-lymphotropic/simian T-lymphotropic group of viruses

Vandamme

Liu

Brussel

et al. 1996

Journal of General Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We isolated a divergent simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV) (strain PP1664) from a wild-caught African bonobo (pygmy chimpanzee, Pan paniscus). Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of this virus show that it reliably separates from the two well-established primate T-lymphotropic virus types, HTLV-I/STLV-I (PTLV-I) and PTLV-II, and from a third type isolated from an African-born Papio hamadryas and designated by us as PTLV-L. Four of eight bonobos kept at the Antwerp Zoo, Belgium, showed an aberrant PTLV serology. We amplified and sequenced a 709 bp PTLV proviral tax/rex fragment from one of the reactive bonobos. It differs by about 25 % from the homologous nucleotide sequences of PTLV-I and PTLV-L and by about 17 % from PTLV-II. This is comparable to the differences among the three known types. Including the most divergent STLV-I strains sequenced to date, for example, strain PHSul sequenced here, the divergence in this region within PTLV-I is less than 11% and within PTLV-II less than 4 %. Although very divergent, this new bonobo STLV is the closest well-characterized simian relative of HTLV-II, raising the possibility of very divergent new HTLV strains. Our results show that the number of PTLV types should be considered open and that the variety of indigenous viruses in the PTLV group is greatest in Africa. Thus, as for the other primate retroviruses HIV and SIV, PTLV most probably has its origins in Africa.

show abstract

Section: -M Vandamme and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of a divergent T-lymphotropic virus in a wild-caught pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) supports an African origin for the human T-lymphotropic/simian T-lymphotropic group of viruses

Vandamme

Liu

Brussel

et al. 1996

Journal of General Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As expected, the gag and env proteins showed a higher level of intra-subtype (4.7 to 11%) and inter-subtype diversity (7.7 to 22%). Despite the fact that diversity between subtypes was almost 20% at the aminoacid level in the gag and env genes (Louwagie et al 1993), the majority of the protein domain sites remained conserved among the different HIV-1 subtypes found in Brazil. In contrast, the vast majority (96.7%) of the HTLV-1 isolates were classified as subgroup A, a finding which agrees with previous reports (Alcantara et al 2003), while the remaining strains (3.3%) belonged to subgroup B previously characterized in Japan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

<![CDATA[<B>Re-mapping the molecular features of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Brazilian sequences using a bioinformatics unit established in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, to give support to the viral epidemiology studies</B>]]>

Queiroz¹,

Mota-Miranda²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2007

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The analysis of genetic data for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is essential to improve treatment and public health strategies as well as toRecent advances have led to an unprecedented increase in sequence data for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). For example, the number of HIV-1 sequences in GenBank had increased from approximately 42,000 in September 2000 (Gaschen et al. 2001) to nearly 115,000 sequences on September 2004. These sequences are also a valuable source of data for genetic analyses, such as the HIV-1 drug resistance study in which mutations into protease and reverse transcriptase genes can be used to better manage antiretroviral treatment (Shafer et al. 2000). Vaccine initiatives use sequences from the immunodominant regions of the viruses to design artificial peptides that stimulate the immune system and control the viral replication (Addo et al. 2001). Other research projects are evaluating whether the HTLV-1 envelope protein immunodominant region could elicit neutralizing antibody responses against HTLV-1. Such information could be used in the development of vaccines and to improve diagnostic methods (Sundaram et al. 2004).The post-translational modifications in the virus proteins are essential for HIV-1 and HTLV-1 fitness, assembly, and immune escape. The most frequent modifications are N-glycosilation, N-myristylation, and phosphorylation by protein kinases (Adachi et al. 1992, Reitter et al. 1998, Ono et al. 2000, Bouamir et al. 2003, Grassmann et al. 2005 The HIV-1 epidemic in Brazil was initially dominated by HIV-1 subtype B ) and the virus spread to all the states in the country through different transmission routes. HIV-1 subtype F1 was first identified in Salvador and recombinants of subtypes B and F1 were identified in Rio de Janeiro . A more recent heterosexual epidemic, characterized by the presence of subtype C viruses, was identified in South Brazil , Soares et al. 2003. Other reports have also demonstrated that distinct HIV-1 subtypes (A, B, C, D, F1) and recombinant forms (B/C, B/ F1) are actively participating in the Brazilian Aids epidemic (Morgado et al. 1998, Caride et al. 2001, Soares et al. 2005, Couto-Fernandez et al. 2005, Barreto et al. 2006, De Sa Filho et al. 2006).Financial support: Fapesp, PN-DST/AIDS +Corresponding author: lalcan@cpqgm.fiocruz.br ATLQ and ACAM-M contribute equally to this paper.

show abstract

“…Por meio de análise filogenética do gene env (Myers et al, 1992) ou do gene gag (Louwagie et al, 1993) de cepas de HIV, isoladas no mundo inteiro, foi possível a divisão do HIV-1 em dois grupos: Μ (de major) e O (de outlier) (Myers, 1994 (Nkengasong et al, 1994a). A análise filogenética feita com cepas representativas dos oito subtipos do grupo Μ sugere que todos tiveram um único ancestral em comum (Korber et al, 1994;Myers, 1994).…”

Section: Ester Cerdeira Sabinounclassified

Epidemiologia: contextos e pluralidade

Veras¹,

Barreto²,

Almeida-Filho³

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phylogenetic analysis of gag genes from 70 international HIV-1 isolates provides evidence for multiple genotypes

Cited by 332 publications

References 0 publications

The presence of a divergent T-lymphotropic virus in a wild-caught pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) supports an African origin for the human T-lymphotropic/simian T-lymphotropic group of viruses

The presence of a divergent T-lymphotropic virus in a wild-caught pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) supports an African origin for the human T-lymphotropic/simian T-lymphotropic group of viruses

<![CDATA[<B>Re-mapping the molecular features of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Brazilian sequences using a bioinformatics unit established in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, to give support to the viral epidemiology studies</B>]]>

Epidemiologia: contextos e pluralidade

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About