Phylogenetic analysis of H1N2 isolates of influenza A virus from pigs in the United States

Choi, Young Ki; Goyal, Sagar M.; Farnham, MacDonald W.; Joo, Heesoo

doi:10.1016/s0168-1702(02)00053-9

Cited by 57 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In U.S. rH1N1 and H1N2 swine viruses studied to date, the M, NP, and NS genes are of classical swine H1N1 origin, the PB1 of human origin, and the PA and PB2 genes of avian origin, and these internal genes are similar to the triple reassortant swine H3N2 viruses, including TX98 and CO99 [17,46]. The M and NP genes have been demonstrated to be conserved between influenza isolates [47,48], and their proteins are reported to be involved in heterologous immunity (reviewed in [49]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of intranasal administration of a truncated NS1 modified live influenza virus vaccine in swine

Vincent

Lager

et al. 2007

Vaccine

132

127

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In the U.S., despite available swine influenza virus (SIV) vaccines, multiple influenza subtypes as well as antigenic and genetic variants within subtypes continue to circulate in the swine population. One of the challenges to control and eliminate SIV is that the currently used inactivated influenza virus vaccines do not provide adequate cross-protection against multiple antigenic variants of SIV in the field. We previously generated a recombinant H3N2 swine influenza virus (SIV) based on the influenza A/SW/TX/4199-2/98 virus (TX98) containing an NS1 gene expressing a truncated NS1 protein of 126 amino acids, TX98-NS1Δ126 virus. This recombinant strain was demonstrated to be highly attenuated in swine and showed potential for use as a modified live-virus vaccine (MLV) after intratracheal application in pigs. However, this route of inoculation is not practical for vaccination in the field. In the present study, we first compared intramuscular and intranasal routes of application of the MLV, and found that the intranasal route was superior in priming the local (mucosal) immune response. Pigs were then vaccinated via the intranasal route and challenged with wild type homologous TX98 H3N2 virus, with a genetic and antigenic variant H3N2 SIV (influenza A/SW/ CO/23619/99 virus, CO99) and a heterosubtypic H1N1 SIV (influenza A/SW/IA/00239/2004 virus, IA04). The intranasally vaccinated pigs were completely protected against homologous challenge. In addition, MLV vaccination provided nearly complete protection against the antigenic H3N2 variant CO99 virus. When challenged with the H1N1 IA04 virus, MLV vaccinated animals displayed reduced fever and virus titers despite minimal reduction in lung lesions. In vaccinated pigs, there was no serologic cross-reactivity by HI assays with the heterologous or heterosubtypic viruses. However, there appeared to be substantial cross-reactivity in antibodies at the mucosal level with the CO99 virus in MLV vaccinated pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of intranasal administration of a truncated NS1 modified live influenza virus vaccine in swine

Vincent

Lager

et al. 2007

Vaccine

132

127

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“…However, abortion, stillbirth, fetal deaths and other reproductive disorders can be also associated with epidemics of SI [3][4][5]. Abortions in influenza A virus (IAV)-infected humans as well as animals, including pigs, seem to be a result of high fever and a ''cytokine storm'' associated with acute infection, but transplacental transmission of the virus has been also reported [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Influenza virus has also been isolated from amnion and chorion tissues in guinea pigs [11] and amniotic fluid in ferrets [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Swine influenza virus has been isolated from farms where reproductive disorders have been reported, but its effect on swine reproduction is not completely understood [10,13]. In the study of Madec et al [5], only 23 % of sows infected with SIV in their first week of pregnancy completed gestation and farrowed; in 25 % of sows that were one month into gestation, total embryonic resorption occurred; and in the 5.5 % of sows that were more than 45 days into gestation, an abortion occurred [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pregnancy outcome and clinical status of gilts following experimental infection by H1N2, H3N2 and H1N1pdm09 influenza A viruses during the last month of gestation

Kwit

Pomorska‐Mól²,

Markowska-Daniel³

2015

Arch Virol

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The present study was planned to study the effect of various subtypes of swine influenza virus (SIV) circulating among pigs (H1N2, H3N2 and emerging pandemic strain of H1N1 influenza A virus (H1N1pdm09) on the course of pregnancy in naïve gilts experimentally infected during the last month of pregnancy. In addition, the clinical course of infection, distribution of viruses in various tissues (blood, placenta, fetal lung), and selected immunological, reproductive and productive parameters were also investigated. All SIV-inoculated gilts became infected. No abortions, stillbirths, intrauterine deaths or mummified fetuses were observed. No clinical signs of influenza virus infection or other disorders were observed in piglets born from infected and control gilts. There was a significant decrease in the number and frequency of lymphocytes in gilts inoculated with all influenza viruses. In general, the concentrations of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a were significantly higher in SIV-inoculated gilts as than in control animals, while IL-4 and IFN-c were not detected in plasma at any time post-inoculation in SIV-or mockinoculated gilts. No evidence for transplacental transmission of SIV was found. Viremia was also not observed in any of the infected females. On the basis of recent results, we hypothesize that pregnancy failure observed during SIV infection under field conditions is probably related to high fever and pro-inflammatory cytokines rather than a direct effect of the virus on the placenta, embryo or fetus.

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“…Other subtypes are rH1N7, rH3N1, avian H4N6, avH3N3, and avH9N2 [36]. The H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 viruses found in Europe are antigenically and genetically different from those found in America [37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Current Global Situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological update on swine influenza (H1N1) in pigs

2009

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The 2009 H1N1 pandemic has slowed down its spread after initial speed of transmission. The conventional swine infl uenza H1N1 virus (SIV) in pig populations worldwide needs to be differentiated from pandemic H1N1 infl uenza virus, however it is also essential to know about the exact role of pigs in the spread and mutations taking place in pig-to-pig transmission. The present paper reviews epidemiological features of classical SIV and its differentiation with pandemic infl uenza. -Derek Gatherer, 2009 (1) Keywords Swine fl u · Infl uenza · H1N1

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Phylogenetic analysis of H1N2 isolates of influenza A virus from pigs in the United States

Cited by 57 publications

References 26 publications

Efficacy of intranasal administration of a truncated NS1 modified live influenza virus vaccine in swine

Efficacy of intranasal administration of a truncated NS1 modified live influenza virus vaccine in swine

Pregnancy outcome and clinical status of gilts following experimental infection by H1N2, H3N2 and H1N1pdm09 influenza A viruses during the last month of gestation

Epidemiological update on swine influenza (H1N1) in pigs

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