Phylogenetic Analysis of Methanogens in Sheep Rumen Ecosystem and Detection of<i>Methanomicrobium mobile</i>by Fluorescence<i>In Situ</i>Hybridization

Yanagita, Kazuhiro; Kamagata, Yoichi; Kawaharasaki, Mamoru; Suzuki, Toshihiko; Nakamura, Yutaka; Minato, Hajime

doi:10.1271/bbb.64.1737

Cited by 92 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The lower total protozoa counts in CS concentrate with respect to the rest of the concentrates contradicts the results of Hammami et al (2011), who did not observe effects of the partial substitution of soybean meal with faba bean in the concentrate fed to rams on total rumen protozoa concentration. Differences between studies can be related to the geographic area, the nutritional quality of food resources, and the adaptation of the animal to the protozoal species and their concentration (Yanagita et al, 2000). The higher protozoa concentration of TFP and TFB concentrates could have increased NH 3 -N concentration because of the proteolytic activity of protozoa in the rumen (Jouany, 1994).…”

Section: Concentratementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of total replacement of soybean meal and corn on ruminal fermentation, volatile fatty acids, protozoa concentration, and gas production

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of total replacement of soybean meal and corn with triticale and faba bean or field pea on rumen fermentation, protozoa counts, and gas production of lactating ewes.A total of 30 Sicilo-Sarde ewes were randomly allocated into three groups and were fed 1.8 kg drymatter of oat hay plus 500 g of one of three concentrates: the first concentrate (CS) was mainly composed of soybean meal, corn, and barley; the second (TFB) was formed by triticale and faba bean; and the third (TFP) was composed of triticale and field pea.The type of concentrate did not affect ruminal pH or ammonia nitrogen concentration (P > 0.05). The individual concentrations of volatile fatty acids showed a significant interaction between the type of concentrate and sampling time (P < 0.05), except for Butyric and Isobutyric acids. Within a post-feeding time, the pattern of evolution of total volatile fatty, acetic, and propionic acids differed significantly at 2 h post feeding (P < 0.05), while butyric and valeric acid changed at 0 and 4 h post feeding. The type of concentrate affected the total number of ciliate protozoa and the Isotricha species (P < 0.05), whereas Entodinium, Ophryoscolex, and Polyplastron were similar among concentrates (P > 0.05). The cumulative gas production from the in vitro fermentation, the time of incubation, and their interaction was affected by concentrate (P < 0.001). The substitution of soybean meal and corn in the concentrate with faba bean or field peas and triticale might maintain rumen parameters of dairy ewes.

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Section: Concentratementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of total replacement of soybean meal and corn on ruminal fermentation, volatile fatty acids, protozoa concentration, and gas production

et al. 2018

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“…are members of the order Methanomicrobiales that appear to be abundant in certain rumens (Yanagita et al, 2000;Tajima et al, 2001;Shin et al, 2004;Chaudhary et al, 2012), although the basis of their apparent dominance over Methanobrevibacter spp. in those cases is not known.…”

Section: Overview Of Rumen Ecology/methanogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the development of vaccines against rumen methanogens

Wedlock

Janssen

Leahy

et al. 2013

Animal

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Vaccination against rumen methanogens offers a practical approach to reduce methane emissions in livestock, particularly ruminants grazing on pasture. Although successful vaccination strategies have been reported for reducing the activity of the rumen-dwelling organism Streptococcus bovis in sheep and S. bovis and Lactobacillus spp. in cattle, earlier approaches using vaccines based on whole methanogen cells to reduce methane production in sheep have produced less promising results. An anti-methanogen vaccine will need to have broad specificity against methanogens commonly found in the rumen and induce antibody in saliva resulting in delivery of sufficiently high levels of antibodies to the rumen to reduce methanogen activity. Our approach has focussed on identifying surface and membrane-associated proteins that are conserved across a range of rumen methanogens. The identification of potential vaccine antigens has been assisted by recent advances in the knowledge of rumen methanogen genomes. Methanogen surface proteins have been shown to be immunogenic in ruminants and vaccination of sheep with these proteins induced specific antibody responses in saliva and rumen contents. Current studies are directed towards identifying key candidate antigens and investigating the level and types of salivary antibodies produced in sheep and cattle vaccinated with methanogen proteins, stability of antibodies in the rumen and their impact on rumen microbial populations. In addition, there is a need to identify adjuvants that stimulate high levels of salivary antibody and are suitable for formulating with protein antigens to produce a low-cost and effective vaccine.Keywords: vaccine, antigen, antibody, methane, methanogens, Methanobrevibacter ruminantium Implications A number of different mitigation strategies are being investigated for reducing methane emissions from livestock, including the development of vaccines that specifically target the methane-producing methanogens in the rumen. Previous studies on vaccinating ruminants against the rumen-dwelling organisms Streptococcus bovis and Lactobacillus spp. have demonstrated the feasibility of vaccinating animals to produce salivary antibodies that neutralise the activity of these microbes in the rumen (Shu et al., 1999(Shu et al., , 2000a(Shu et al., , 2000b(Shu et al., and 2001Gill et al., 2000). Owing to the complexity of the rumen microbiota and diversity of methanogens in the rumen, an effective vaccine for reducing methane emissions from ruminants will need to target a wide range of methanogens in the rumen among an even more diverse assemblage of bacteria, fungi and protozoa. This paper reviews the progress towards developing an anti-methanogen vaccine. IntroductionA range of different strategies are being investigated to reduce methane emissions from farmed ruminants (reviewed by Martin et al., 2010;Buddle et al., 2011;Clark, 2013). Vaccination of ruminants against rumen methanogens has the potential to reduce methane emissions by decreasing the number or activity of meth...

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“…brevis B 1 4) was used to monitor this strain upon introduction into the rumen (1). Then the 16S rRNA-targeting probe approach was used for quantification of Fibrobacter succinogenes (3,36), ruminococci (14,15,36), Clostridium proteoclasticum (25), Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens (10,13), and Methanomicrobium mobile (39).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-Dependent Shifts in the Bacterial Population of the Rumen Revealed with Real-Time PCR

Tajima¹,

Aminov

Nagamine³

et al. 2001

Appl Environ Microbiol

596

479

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A set of PCR primers was designed and validated for specific detection and quantification of Prevotella ruminicola, Prevotella albensis, Prevotella bryantii, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Selenomonas ruminantium-Mitsuokella multiacida, Streptococcus bovis, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Ruminobacter amylophilus, Eubacterium ruminantium, Treponema bryantii, Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens, and Anaerovibrio lipolytica. By using these primers and the real-time PCR technique, the corresponding species in the rumens of cows for which the diet was switched from hay to grain were quantitatively monitored. The dynamics of two fibrolytic bacteria, F. succinogenes and R. flavefaciens, were in agreement with those of earlier, culture-based experiments. The quantity of F. succinogenes DNA, predominant in animals on the hay diet, fell 20-fold on the third day of the switch to a grain diet and further declined on day 28, with a 57-fold reduction in DNA. The R. flavefaciens DNA concentration on day 3 declined to approximately 10% of its initial value in animals on the hay diet and remained at this level on day 28. During the transition period (day 3), the quantities of two ruminal prevotella DNAs increased considerably: that of P. ruminicola increased 7-fold and that of P. bryantii increased 263-fold. On day 28, the quantity of P. ruminicola DNA decreased 3-fold, while P. bryantii DNA was still elevated 10-fold in comparison with the level found in animals on the initial hay diet. The DNA specific for another xylanolytic bacterium, E. ruminantium, dropped 14-fold during the diet switch and was maintained at this level on day 28. The concentration of a rumen spirochete, T. bryantii, decreased less profoundly and stabilized with a sevenfold decline by day 28. The variations in A. lipolytica DNA were not statistically significant. After an initial slight increase in S. dextrinosolvens DNA on day 3, this DNA was not detected at the end of the experiment. S. bovis DNA displayed a 67-fold increase during the transition period on day 3. However, on day 28, it actually declined in comparison with the level in animals on the hay ration. The amount of S. ruminantium-M. multiacida DNA also increased eightfold following the diet switch, but stabilized with only a twofold increase on day 28. The real-time PCR technique also uncovered differential amplification of rumen bacterial templates with the set of universal bacterial primers. This observation may explain why some predominant rumen bacteria have not been detected in PCR-generated 16S ribosomal DNA libraries.The complex symbiotic microbiota of the rumen is responsible for breakdown of plant fiber, an ability the ruminal host animals lack. This microbiota is highly responsive to changes in diet, age, antibiotic use, and the health of the host animal and varies according to geographical location, season, and feeding regimen (reviewed in references 4, 12, 21, and 31). In the early days of rumen microbiology, these changes were monitored by cultivation-based techniques, but limitations inherent in ...

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Phylogenetic Analysis of Methanogens in Sheep Rumen Ecosystem and Detection ofMethanomicrobium mobileby FluorescenceIn SituHybridization

Cited by 92 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of total replacement of soybean meal and corn on ruminal fermentation, volatile fatty acids, protozoa concentration, and gas production

Effects of total replacement of soybean meal and corn on ruminal fermentation, volatile fatty acids, protozoa concentration, and gas production

Progress in the development of vaccines against rumen methanogens

Diet-Dependent Shifts in the Bacterial Population of the Rumen Revealed with Real-Time PCR

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