Phylogenetic analysis of the king cobra, Ophiophagus hannah in Thailand based on mitochondrial DNA sequences

Suntrarachun, Sunutcha; Chanhome, Lawan; Sumontha, Montri

doi:10.5372/1905-7415.0802.289

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Based on genetic data, comparisons among populations of the mainland Asian tree frog, Polypedates leucomystax (Buddhachat & Suwannapoom, ), gave similar results to our study in that the frogs were also divided into north‐central, north‐eastern and southern populations. The differentiation between northern and southern populations has also been reported in the king cobra ( O. hannah ) using phylogenetic analyses of ND2 and CR (Suntrarachun, Chanhome, & Sumontha, ), and other amphibian and reptile species (Inger & Voris, ). Population phylogenetic studies of other snake species, such as D. acutus (Huang et al, ), A. laevis (Lukoschek et al, ), P. chamissonis (Sallaberry‐Pincheira et al, ), Gloydius brevicaudus (Ding, Gan, He, & Zhao, ), Vipera latastei / monticola group (Velo‐Antón et al, ) and N. atra (Lin et al, , ), showed similar results to those of this study in finding that, for example, geography, climate, and/or distance correlate with regional genetic variation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Geographical differentiation and cryptic diversity in the monocled cobra, Naja kaouthia (Elapidae), from Thailand

et al. 2019

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South‐East Asia has an exceptionally high diversity of snakes, with more than 250 snake species currently recorded from Thailand. This diversity likely reflects the diverse range of geographical and climatic conditions under which they live, but the evolutionary history and population genetics of many snake species in South‐East Asia have been little investigated in comparison with morphological studies. Here, we investigated genetic variation in the monocled cobra, Naja kaouthia, Lesson, 1831, across its distribution range in Thailand using mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome b, control region) for ~100 individuals and the nuclear DNA gene (C‐mos) for a small subset. Using population genetic and phylogenetic methods, we show high levels of genetic variation between regional populations of this non‐spitting cobra, including the north‐eastern, north‐central and southern regions, in addition to a population on Pha‐ngan Island, 150 km offshore from the southern peninsula. Moreover, inclusion of the north‐eastern population renders N. kaouthia paraphyletic in relation to other regional Naja species. The north‐eastern population is therefore probably specifically distinct. Given that these cobras are otherwise undifferentiated based on colour and general appearance to the “typical” cobra type of this region, they would represent a cryptic species. As has been shown in other animal groups from Thailand, it is likely that the geographical characteristics and/or tectonic alteration of these regions have facilitated high levels of population divergence of N. kaouthia in this region. Our study highlights the need for dense sampling of snake populations to reveal their systematics, plan conservation and facilitate anti‐snake venom development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Geographical differentiation and cryptic diversity in the monocled cobra, Naja kaouthia (Elapidae), from Thailand

et al. 2019

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“…All extractions were quantified using Qubit broad-range DNA assays (Thermo Fisher Scientific) following the manufacturer’s instructions. Ophiophagus hannah is a widespread species with high morphological and genetic variability 31 , 32 , and likely constitutes a species complex. A taxonomic revision is in progress (P. Gowri Shankar et al, in prep).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide data implicate terminal fusion automixis in king cobra facultative parthenogenesis

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et al. 2021

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Facultative parthenogenesis (FP) is widespread in the animal kingdom. In vertebrates it was first described in poultry nearly 70 years ago, and since then reports involving other taxa have increased considerably. In the last two decades, numerous reports of FP have emerged in elasmobranch fishes and squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes), including documentation in wild populations of both clades. When considered in concert with recent evidence of reproductive competence, the accumulating data suggest that the significance of FP in vertebrate evolution has been largely underestimated. Several fundamental questions regarding developmental mechanisms, nonetheless, remain unanswered. Specifically, what is the type of automixis that underlies the production of progeny and how does this impact the genomic diversity of the resulting parthenogens? Here, we addressed these questions through the application of next-generation sequencing to investigate a suspected case of parthenogenesis in a king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah). Our results provide the first evidence of FP in this species, and provide novel evidence that rejects gametic duplication and supports terminal fusion as a mechanism underlying parthenogenesis in snakes. Moreover, we precisely estimated heterozygosity in parthenogenetic offspring and found appreciable retained genetic diversity that suggests that FP in vertebrates has underappreciated evolutionary significance.

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“…Besides, the finding is interesting as this species is widely distributed in Indonesia. It can encourage further studies of the species in possible speciation as it was identified in Thailand (Suntrarachun et al 2014) and specific antivenom-related research on O. hannah as geographic differences which can affect the potency of the different anti-venoms used in treatment (Tan et al 2020).…”

Section: The Effect Of Land-use Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Short Communication: Herpetofauna diversity at the University of Palangka Raya, Indonesia

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Maulidi A, Purnaningsih T, Maulina A, Gunawan YE, Rizki M. 2020. Short Communication: Herpetofauna diversity at University of Palangka Raya, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4509-4514. Research on herpetofauna at the University of Palangka Raya (UPR) is vital as there has been no official data so far and remains to be anecdotal evidence from various members of the university. The present study aimed to analyze and report the herpetofauna diversity on the Tunjung Nyaho Campus. It was conducted between October 2019 and November 2019. Herpetofauna data were collected using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method. Diurnal and nocturnal surveys were carried out between 07:00-10:00 and 19:00-22:00, respectively. The results showed that as many as 12 species of herpetofauna were present, including six species of reptiles from six families and six species of amphibians from four families. Comparative diversity analyses of these species, unburned, post-burnt, and around building, indicated that the unburned area had a relatively high diversity (2.06) compared to the other two (0.86 and 0.88, respectively). However, the evenness index (E) for the herpetofauna community in all three locations was > 0.70. The resulting species list from this study consisted of two species with threatened statuses under the IUCN Red List, i.e., Ophiophagus hannah (VU), and Cuora amboinensis (EN).

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Phylogenetic analysis of the king cobra, Ophiophagus hannah in Thailand based on mitochondrial DNA sequences

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Geographical differentiation and cryptic diversity in the monocled cobra, Naja kaouthia (Elapidae), from Thailand

Geographical differentiation and cryptic diversity in the monocled cobra, Naja kaouthia (Elapidae), from Thailand

Genome-wide data implicate terminal fusion automixis in king cobra facultative parthenogenesis

Short Communication: Herpetofauna diversity at the University of Palangka Raya, Indonesia

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