Phylogenetic Analysis of the Red Algal Tribe Ceramieae Reveals Multiple Morphological Homoplasies but Defines New Genera

Barros-Barreto, Maria Beatriz; Jaramillo, Maria; Hommersand, Max H.; Ferreira, Paulo Cavalcante Gomes; Maggs, Christine A.

doi:10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2023v44a2

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 83 publications

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“…Many new generic names for diatoms were introduced from the 1970s onward as more taxonomically useful morphological characters become apparent under SEM and were assessed in relation to phylogenetic data. The Rhodophyta, similarly, have rich, complex reproductive systems that facilitate phylogenetic hypotheses, although recent molecular studies are revealing even more variation at the genus level, particularly in the Ceramiales (e.g., Barros‐Barreto et al., 2023).…”

Section: How Many Species Are There?mentioning

confidence: 99%

How many species of algae are there? A reprise. Four kingdoms, 14 phyla, 63 classes and still growing

Guiry

2024

Journal of Phycology

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To date (1 November 2023), the online database AlgaeBase has documented 50,589 species of living algae and 10,556 fossil species here referred to four kingdoms (Eubacteria, Chromista, Plantae, and Protozoa), 14 phyla, and 63 classes. The algae are the third most speciose grouping of plant‐like after the flowering plants (≈382,000 species) and fungi (≈170,000 species, including lichens) but are the least well defined of all the botanical groupings. Priority is given to phyla and class names that are familiar to phycologists and that are nomenclaturally valid. The most species‐rich phylum is the Heterokontophyta to which 18 classes are referred with 21,052 living species and which is dominated by the diatoms in three classes with 18,673 species (16,427 living; 2239 fossil). The next most species‐rich phyla are the red algae (7276 living), the green algae (6851 living), the blue‐green algae (Cyanobacteria, 5723 living), the charophytes (4950 living, including the Charophyceae, 511 species living, and the Zygnematophyceae, 4335 living species), Dinoflagellata (2956 living, including the Dinophyceae, 2828 extant), and haptophytes (Haptophyta 1722 species, 517 living).

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Section: How Many Species Are There?mentioning

confidence: 99%

How many species of algae are there? A reprise. Four kingdoms, 14 phyla, 63 classes and still growing

Guiry

2024

Journal of Phycology

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Phylospecies in the Mexican marine algal diversity and the problem of morphospecies

Núñez Resendiz,

Dreckmann,

Sentíes

et al. 2024

Bot. Sci.

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Algae constitute a non-natural group of organisms that share morphological, physiological and ecological characteristics due to a complex shared evolutionary history. They live attached to a substrate or floating in a column of fresh or marine water. These latter are classified into macro and microalgae, whose current diversity recorded in Mexico is represented by approximately 1,700 species of macroalgae and 1,500 of microalgae. However, this diversity is based on morphological attributes. The problem of the morphospecies is that it depends on the expression of the genotype in response to the environmental heterogeneity in which these organisms establish themselves, resulting in phenotypic plasticity or morphological monotony, with the consequent overlapping of characters, generating misidentifications with several taxonomical problems associated and unstable classification systems. The molecular characterization of species has generated great taxonomic changes and more robust classifications. Currently, the diversity of Mexican phylospecies is reduced, with only 250 macro and microalgae, representing 12.5 and 2.3 % of the diversity, respectively. However, of the 142 works associated with phylospecies, 82 have led to taxonomic changes and proposals with important implications in the construction of more stable classification systems and a better understanding of Mexican phycofloristic diversity in all groups.

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Novel rearrangements in the mitochondrial genomes of the Ceramiales (Rhodophyta) and evolutionary implications

Seo,

Kang,

Kim

et al. 2023

Algae

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The Ceramiales is the most diverse and species-rich group (2,669 spp.) of red algae, and it is widely distributed from tropical to polar oceans. Mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) and other genes have contributed to our knowledge regarding the classification and phylogeny of this diverse red algal group; however, the mitogenome architecture remains understudied. Here, we compared 42 mitogenomes, including 19 newly generated in this study, to expand our knowledge. The number of genes in mitogenome varied from 43 to 68 due to gene duplication. The mitogenome architecture was also variable, categorized into four types (A–D): type A = ancestral type with a basic composition; type B = those with inverse transpositions; type C = those with inverted duplications; and type D = those with both inversion and duplication. The palindromic and inverted repeats were consistently found in flanking regions of the rearrangement, especially near the cob and nad6 genes. The three rearranged mitogenome architectures (types B, C, D) are the first report of these in red algae. Phylogenetic analyses of 23 protein-coding genes supported the current familial classification of the Ceramiales, implying that the diversity of mitogenome architecture preceded the phylogenetic relationships. Our study suggests that palindromic and inverted repeats may drive mitogenome architectural variation.

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Phylogenetic Analysis of the Red Algal Tribe Ceramieae Reveals Multiple Morphological Homoplasies but Defines New Genera

Abstract: netic analysis of the red algal tribe Ceramieae reveals multiple morphological homoplasies but defines new genera.

Cited by 4 publications

References 83 publications

How many species of algae are there? A reprise. Four kingdoms, 14 phyla, 63 classes and still growing

How many species of algae are there? A reprise. Four kingdoms, 14 phyla, 63 classes and still growing

Phylospecies in the Mexican marine algal diversity and the problem of morphospecies

Novel rearrangements in the mitochondrial genomes of the Ceramiales (Rhodophyta) and evolutionary implications

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