Phylogenetic characterization of microbial mats and streamers from a Japanese alkaline hot spring with a thermal gradient.

Nakagawa, Tatsunori; Fukui, Manabu

doi:10.2323/jgam.48.211

Cited by 76 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Several strains belonging to the genus Thermodesulfobacterium, which includes thermophilic and gram-negative SRB, have been isolated from sediments and filamentous microbial communities in terrestrial hot springs (41,56). As previously reported, as-yet-uncultivated microbes in the class Thermodesulfobacteria which are less closely related to the cultivated Thermodesulfobacterium species were found in the submerged microbial slime streamers (SMSS) in an alkaline sulfide-containing hot spring in Nakabusa, Japan (32). However, relatively little has been reported about the (eco)physiology of as-yetuncultivated Thermodesulfobacteria-like microbes found in SMSS in terrestrial hot springs due to the difficulty of successfully isolating them.…”

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“…1A). The occurrence of green, white, orange, and gray dense mats and streamers in Nakabusa was reported previously (32). The dense SMSS developed under the sulfide-containing spring water (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Long filamentous and rod-shaped thermophilic microbes have often been observed in microbial streamers occurring in various terrestrial hot springs (22,32,38,44). However, it is difficult by using only PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis based on 16S rRNA genes to clarify the community structure of these organisms from the filamentous materials that coexist with long filaments and rods whose cell sizes vary greatly.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Several sequence types (phylotypes) in the class Aquificae retrieved from white and yellow sulfur turf in Icelandic and Japanese hot springs (40,55) form a branch separate from the family Aquificaceae lineage; this branch includes Hydrogenobacter hydrogenophilum (26), Hydrogenobacter thermophilus (25), and Thermocrinis ruber (22) isolated from sulfide-poor terrestrial hot springs. There have been several reports concerning the presence of phylotypes related to the sulfur turf clones retrieved from terrestrial hot springs (20,32,37,40) and geothermal water (29,33,45). Recently, a strain of Sulfurihydrogenibium subterraneum, a facultatively anaerobic, hydrogen-or sulfur-thiosulfate-oxidizing, thermophilic chemolithoautotroph, was isolated from subsurface hot aquifer water in a Japanese gold mine (46).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characterization of Community Structures and Sulfur Metabolism within Microbial Streamers in Japanese Hot Springs

Nakagawa

Fukui

2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Community structures of submerged microbial slime streamers (SMSS) in sulfide-containing hot springs at 72 to 80°C at Nakabusa and Yumata, Japan, were investigated by molecular analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene. The SMSS were classified into two consortia; consortium I occurred at lower levels of sulfide in the hot springs (less than 0.1 mM), and consortium II dominated when the sulfide levels were higher (more than 0.1 mM). The dominant cell morphotypes in consortium I were filamentous and small rod-shaped cells. The filamentous cells hybridized with fluorescent oligonucleotide probes for the domain Bacteria, the domain Archaea, and the family Aquificaceae. Our analysis of the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) bands by using reverse transcription (RT)-PCR amplification with two primer sets (Eub341-F with the GC clamp and Univ907R for the Bacteria and Eub341-F with the GC clamp and Arch915R) indicated that dominant bands were phylogenetically related to microbes in the genus Aquifex. On the other hand, consortium II was dominated by long, small, rod-shaped cells, which hybridized with the oligonucleotide probe S-‫-ء‬Tdes-0830-a-A-20 developed in this study for the majority of as-yet-uncultivated microbes in the class Thermodesulfobacteria. The dominant DGGE band obtained by PCR and RT-PCR was affiliated with the genus Sulfurihydrogenibium. Moreover, our analysis of dissimilatory sulfite reductase (DSR) gene sequences retrieved from both consortia revealed a high frequency of DSR genes corresponding to the DSR of Thermodesulfobacteria-like microorganisms. Using both sulfide monitoring and 35 SO 4 2؊ tracer experiments, we observed microbial sulfide production and consumption by SMSS, suggesting that there is in situ sulfide production by as-yet-uncultivated Thermodesulfobacteria-like microbes and there is in situ sulfide consumption by Sulfurihydrogenibium-like microbes within the SMSS in the Nakabusa and Yumata hot springs.Over the past decade, studies of the microbiology of hightemperature terrestrial hot springs by both molecular-ecological and culture-based approaches have revealed phylogenetic and physiological diversity (20-23, 32, 37, 38, 40, 55). While culture-dependent approaches are effective for physiological characterization of isolated thermophiles, they are not useful for providing comprehensive ecophysiological information about the microbial populations in thermophilic environments. One reason for this is that cultivated microbes from hightemperature habitats may frequently represent minor members of a microbial community whose representation is similar to the representation found in the native setting (52).Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), which obtain energy from dissimilatory sulfate reduction, are widespread in anoxic environments and play an important role in the sulfur cycle (53). Several strains belonging to the genus Thermodesulfobacterium, which includes thermophilic and gram-negative SRB, have been isolated from sediments and filamentous microbial communities in terrestrial...

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confidence: 70%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characterization of Community Structures and Sulfur Metabolism within Microbial Streamers in Japanese Hot Springs

Nakagawa

Fukui

2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The Nakanoyu and Nakbusa hot springs as habitats of phototrophic bacteria as well as of (hyper-)thermophilic chemotrophic bacteria have been well studied 14,19,20,30,33) . The microbial mats we sampled were developing in hot spring streams at 50-65°C.…”

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Isolation and Characterization of Phototrophic Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria from Chloroflexus and Cyanobacterial Mats in Hot Springs

2007

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Chloroflexus and cyanobacterial mats developing at 50-65°C in Nakanoyu and Nakabusa hot springs, Japan, were collected and cultivated phototrophically at 50 and 37°C. Chloroflexus organisms grew when incubated at 50°C, whereas the incubation at 37°C resulted in the enrichment of pink-to brown-colored cultures, from which different species of phototrophic purple nonsulfur (PPNS) bacteria were isolated. The majority of the isolates grew at temperatures of up to 45°C and optimally at around 40°C. The high frequencies of the occurrence of PPNS bacteria in hot spring microbial mats suggest that these environments offer a favorable ecological niche for these bacteria.

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There Were Plenty of Day/Night Cycles That Could Have Accelerated an Origin of Life on Earth, Without Requiring Panspermia

Gordon

Mikhailovsky²

2021

Planet Formation and Panspermia

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Phylogenetic characterization of microbial mats and streamers from a Japanese alkaline hot spring with a thermal gradient.

Cited by 76 publications

References 42 publications

Molecular Characterization of Community Structures and Sulfur Metabolism within Microbial Streamers in Japanese Hot Springs

Molecular Characterization of Community Structures and Sulfur Metabolism within Microbial Streamers in Japanese Hot Springs

Isolation and Characterization of Phototrophic Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria from Chloroflexus and Cyanobacterial Mats in Hot Springs

There Were Plenty of Day/Night Cycles That Could Have Accelerated an Origin of Life on Earth, Without Requiring Panspermia

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