Phylogenetic diversity of human pathogenic Fusarium and emergence of uncommon virulent species

Global molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of Fusarium , a significant emerging group of human opportunists from 1958 to 2015

“…F. acutatum was reported from nail infections in four cases in Qatar, showed a low degree of variability and has been suggested to be clonal. 16 These results emphasize that F. acutatum is an emerging human opportunist, which thus far was only detected in Asia. Sequence analysis of RPB2 and TEF1, and AFLP showed that the strains CBS 119850, CBS 483.94 and CBS 454.97 were nested within the F. fujikuroi complex and close to F. nygamai and F. andiyazi , forming a well-supported monophyletic branch suggestive of a novel species.…”

“…This species was also recently reported in Asia (India and Qatar). 13, 16 Given the large distances of identical strains occurring in many different countries, airborne distribution seems likely. However, the presence of F. incarnatum, F. equiseti and F. chlamydosporum in clinical samples from various infections in North America remains puzzling but can perhaps be explained by sampling effects.…”

“…The following two gene regions were amplified directly from the genomic DNA: the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase ( RPB2 ; Reeb et al 19 ) and the translation elongation factor-1α ( TEF1α O'Donnell et al 20 ) were amplified and sequenced following the methods published by Saleh et al 16 The PCR reactions were performed in a volume of 12.5 μL containing 1.25 μL of 10 × PCR buffer, 7.5 μL of water, 0.5 μL of dNTP mix (2.5 mM), 0.25 μL of each primer (10 pmol), 0.05 μL of Taq polymerase (5 U/μL), 0.7 μL of dimethylsulphoxide and 1 μL of template DNA (100 ng/μL). The amplification was performed with the ABI Prism 2720 thermal cycler (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA).…”

“…Most published studies have focused on prevalence in single healthcare centers. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 Nucci et al 17 reported 233 cases from different hospitals on a global scale. Mohammed et al 18 reported 26 cases from the United States and reviewed 97 cases from the literature, and Horn et al 12 described 65 cases from the North American Path Alliance Registry.…”

In vitro Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Clinical and Environmental Fusarium Isolates in Iran

“…In general, these two rare species have the potential to act as causative agents of onychomycosis. For instance, F. acutatum has been reported from nail infections as an emerging human opportunist which has thus far been detected in Asia and appears to be restricted to the Middle East (34,35). In other studies, F. thapsinum, has been reported as causing eumycetoma and has been also isolated from environmental sources (23,35).…”