Phylogenetic Groups ofEscherichia coliStrains from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Iran Based on the New Clermont Phylotyping Method

Abstract

Objectives. In 2013, Clermont classified E. coli strains into eight phylogenetic groups using a new quadruplex PCR method. The aims of this study were to identify the phylogenetic groups of E. coli based on this method and to assess their antibiotic resistance patterns in Bushehr, Iran. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 140 E. coli isolates were subjected to phylogenetic typing by a quadruplex PCR method. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method. Results. Phylogenetic group B2 was most predominant (39.3%), followed by unknown (27.1%), E (9.3%), C and clade I (each 6.4%), B1 (5%), F and D (each 2.9%), and A (0.7%). The most common antibiotic resistance was related to amoxicillin (82.1%) and the least to meropenem (0.7%). 82.14% of isolates were multiple drug resistant (MDR). Antibiotic resistance was mainly detected in group B2 (50%). Conclusions. Our findings showed the high prevalence of MDR E. coli isolates with dominance of group B2. About 25% of E. coli isolates belong to the newly described phylogroups C, E, F, and clade I. Such studies need to be done also in other regions to provide greater understanding of the antibiotic resistance pattern and the prevalences of different phylogenetic groups.

Detection of virulence genes, phylogenetic group and antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Mongolia

“…Comparing to researchers' results from China, geographically located closest to our country, Luo et al [29] and Cao et al [30] reported the most common phylogenetic group in the UPEC isolates was B2 and D. Our results support these findings. Phylogenetic group A, associated with commensal strains, represented 19.6% of isolates, which was higher than in some studies [31,32], suggesting that the gastrointestinal tract is the main reservoir of strains that may be able to colonize the urinary tract, in accordance with previous observations. UPEC strains encode a number of virulence genes that enable the bacteria to colonize the urinary tract and persist in the face of highly effective host defense [33].…”

“…The rate of MDR in UPEC isolates was 92.5% in India [41]. In another study on UTIs in Iran, the rate of MDR E. coli isolates was 82.1% [31]. MDR causes major consequences such as the empirical therapy of the E. coli infections, as well as a possible co-selection of antimicrobial resistance, which is mediated by the MDR plasmids [41].…”

Phylogenetic Classification of Escherichia coli Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections in the Central Regions of Guilan Province

“…They showed that most extra-intestinal pathogenic strains were in group B2, and then group D. It should be noted that the strains belonging to the phylogenetic group B1 was not found among the studied strains in the present study, being similar with the research of Grude et al (2009) The findings are consistent with the results obtained in the study of Bashir et al (2012) in Faisalabad, Pakistan on 59 UPEC isolates from patients, and one study by Abdi et al (2014) on E. coli isolated from UTIs in Sistan region. These were also consistent with the study of Iranpour et al (2015) who studied the phylogenetic typing of strains of E. coli isolated from UTIs, and with the study conducted by Zhao et al (2009) in China on 202 strains of E. coli isolated from UTIs [12][13][14][15].…”

“…In addition, a moderate level of multidrug resistance was observed among the strains from group B2, while a low frequency of multidrug resistance was noticed among the isolates belonging to group A. Our findings were in agreement with the results of two separate studies in India and Sweden [20][21], but not with the studies conducted in southern Iran in cities of Shiraz and Bushehr [19,14]. This issue might be due to bacterial characteristics in different geographic regions or use of antibiotics.…”

Caracterização fenotípica e molecular de Escherichia coli isolodas de amostras de água do mar da região costeira de São Paulo, Brasil.

“…No presente trabalho ao aplicar as duas metodologias para a classificação dos grupos A frequência de cada grupo entre os isolados do presente trabalho, utilizando a metodologia preconizada por Clermont et al (2013), foi: A (10%), B1 (9%), B2 (12%), D (27%) e dos novos grupos C (0%), E (4%), F (14%), clado I (16%) e com perfil desconhecido (3%), o quê mostra que esse novo método permite classificar melhor os isolados de E.coli obtidos de águas marinhas do que oriundos de sítios de infecção, uma vez que detectou-se baixa frequência de cepas que não puderam ser classificadas dentro de um grupo específico. Iranpour et al (2015) aplicaram a metodologia de Clermont et al (2013) Além de permitir conhecer melhor a estrutura populacional de E.coli, a determinação dos filogrupos é útil na prática clínica (BINGEN et al, 1998;BOYD;HARTL, 1998;STELL, 2000;PICARD et al, 1999), uma vez que os autores sugerem que há relação entre virulência e grupo filogenético; além de fornecer um método de screening rápido afim de evitar o uso de cepas patogênicas em processos biotecnológicos (CLERMONT; BONACORSI; BINGEN, 2000) e ter aplicação na identificação de principais fontes de contaminação fecal em ambientes aquáticos (AHMED et al, 2011;CARLOS et al, 2010;ORSI et al, 2007).…”