Phylogenetic Inference of H3N2 Canine Influenza A Outbreak in Ontario, Canada in 2018

Xu, Wanhong; Weese, J. Scott; Ojkić, Davor; Lung, Oliver; Handel, Katherine; Berhane, Yohannes

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63278-z

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In 2007, an avian-origin H3N2 CIV was first isolated in Korea ( Song et al, 2008 ), which could be traced back to 2006 in China ( Li et al, 2010 ). Since then, H3N2 CIVs have spread globally and circulated in Korea, China, Thailand, the United States, and Canada ( Su et al, 2013 ; Bunpapong et al, 2014 ; Lee et al, 2016 ; Voorhees et al, 2018 ; Xu et al, 2020 ). Besides H3N2 and H3N8 CIVs, dogs were also reported to be infected with H5N1, H9N2, H6N1, and recombinant H5N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) ( Songserm et al, 2006 ; Zhan et al, 2012 ; Sun et al, 2013 ; Lin et al, 2015 ), H1N1 swine influenza viruses (SIV) ( Chen et al, 2018 ), H3N2 IAVs ( Chen et al, 2015 ), and 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus (pdm/09) ( Dundon et al, 2010 ; Su et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characteristics, Antigenicity, Pathogenicity, and Zoonotic Potential of a H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus Currently Circulating in South China

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Canine influenza viruses (CIVs) could be a source of influenza viruses which infect humans because canine are important companion pets. To assess the potential risk of H3N2 CIVs currently circulating in southern China to public health, biological characteristics of A/canine/Guangdong/DY1/2019 (CADY1/2019) were detected. CADY1/2019 bound to both avian-type and human-type receptors. CADY1/2019 had a similar pH value for HA protein fusion to human viruses, but its antigenicity was obviously different from those of current human H3N2 influenza viruses (IVs) or the vaccine strains recommended in the North hemisphere. CADY1/2019 effectively replicated in the respiratory tract and was transmitted by physical contact among guinea pigs. Compared to human H3N2 IV, CADY1/2019 exhibited higher replication in MDCK, A549, 3D4/21, ST, and PK15 cells. Sequence analysis indicated that CADY1/2019 is an avian-origin virus, and belongs to the novel clade and has acquired many adaptation mutations to infect other mammals, including human. Taken together, currently circulating H3N2 CIVs have a zoonotic potential, and there is a need for strengthening surveillance and monitoring of their pathogenicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characteristics, Antigenicity, Pathogenicity, and Zoonotic Potential of a H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus Currently Circulating in South China

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Recently, the isolation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a pet dog in Hong Kong has raised concern about the possible role of dogs in SARS-CoV-2 transmission [2]. Furthermore, the emergence of a highly contagious avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza virus in South Korea [3,4] and China [5], and its rapid geographical expansion to places like the United States [6] and Canada [7], have brought fear of both the zoonotic potential of the virus and the susceptibility of dogs to a wide variety of human and avian influenza viruses, which historically caused seasonal epidemics and periodic unpredictable pandemics in humans. Serological surveys of human H1N1 and H3N2 seasonal and 2009 H1N1 pandemic (2009 H1N1 pdm) viruses in pet dogs showed seroprevalence between 1.2% and 9.5% [8][9][10], providing evidence of past infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropism of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and Influenza Virus in Canine Tissue Explants

Bui

Yeung

et al. 2021

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background Human spillovers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to dogs and the emergence of a highly contagious avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza virus have raised concerns on the role of dogs in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and their susceptibility to existing human and avian influenza viruses, which might result in further reassortment. Methods We systematically studied the replication kinetics of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, influenza A viruses of H1, H3, H5, H7, and H9 subtypes, and influenza B viruses of Yamagata-like and Victoria-like lineages in ex vivo canine nasal cavity, soft palate, trachea, and lung tissue explant cultures and examined ACE2 and sialic acid (SA) receptor distribution in these tissues. Results There was limited productive replication of SARS-CoV-2 in canine nasal cavity and SARS-CoV in canine nasal cavity, soft palate, and lung, with unexpectedly high ACE2 levels in canine nasal cavity and soft palate. Canine tissues were susceptible to a wide range of human and avian influenza viruses, which matched with the abundance of both human and avian SA receptors. Conclusions Existence of suitable receptors and tropism for the same tissue foster virus adaptation and reassortment. Continuous surveillance in dog populations should be conducted given the many chances for spillover during outbreaks.

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“…This study used the Recombination Detection Program version 4 (RDP4) method [ 12 ] to detect and remove those strains with recombined signals. Finally, 746 strains were kept for constructing the phylogenetic tree, in a similar protocol [ 13 , 14 ]. These gene sequences were the complete 2019-nCoV sequences.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Bayesian phylogenetic inference modelling for evolutionary genetic analysis and dynamic changes in 2019-nCoV

Shao

Wang

Duan

et al. 2020

Briefings in Bioinformatics

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The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has recently caused a large-scale outbreak of viral pneumonia both in China and worldwide. In this study, we obtained the entire genome sequence of 777 new coronavirus strains as of 29 February 2020 from a public gene bank. Bioinformatics analysis of these strains indicated that the mutation rate of these new coronaviruses is not high at present, similar to the mutation rate of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus. The similarities of 2019-nCoV and SARS virus suggested that the S and ORF6 proteins shared a low similarity, while the E protein shared the higher similarity. The 2019-nCoV sequence has similar potential phosphorylation sites and glycosylation sites on the surface protein and the ORF1ab polyprotein as the SARS virus; however, there are differences in potential modification sites between the Chinese strain and some American strains. At the same time, we proposed two possible recombination sites for 2019-nCoV. Based on the results of the skyline, we speculate that the activity of the gene population of 2019-nCoV may be before the end of 2019. As the scope of the 2019-nCoV infection further expands, it may produce different adaptive evolutions due to different environments. Finally, evolutionary genetic analysis can be a useful resource for studying the spread and virulence of 2019-nCoV, which are essential aspects of preventive and precise medicine.

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Phylogenetic Inference of H3N2 Canine Influenza A Outbreak in Ontario, Canada in 2018

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Molecular Characteristics, Antigenicity, Pathogenicity, and Zoonotic Potential of a H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus Currently Circulating in South China

Molecular Characteristics, Antigenicity, Pathogenicity, and Zoonotic Potential of a H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus Currently Circulating in South China

Tropism of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and Influenza Virus in Canine Tissue Explants

Application of Bayesian phylogenetic inference modelling for evolutionary genetic analysis and dynamic changes in 2019-nCoV

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