Phylogenetic relationship among all living species of the genusBubalus based on DNA sequences of the cytochromeb gene

Abstract

The cytochrome b genes of all living species of Bubalus, including the river type and the swamp type of domestic buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), were sequenced to clarify their phylogenetic relationships. These sequences were compared together with the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) and banteng (Bos javanicus) sequences as an outgroup. Phylogenetic trees of Bubalus species based on the DNA sequences of the cytochrome b gene demonstrated that the tamaraw (Bubalus mindorensis), endemic to the Philippines, could be classified into the subgenus Bubalus, not the subgenus Anoa. The divergence time between the lowland anoa (B. depressicornis) and the mountain anoa (B. quarlesi) was estimated at approximately 2.0 million years (Myr), which is almost the same as the coalescence time for the Bubalus sequences. This large genetic distance supports the idea that the lowland anoa and the mountain anoa are different species. An unexpectedly large genetic distance between the river and the swamp type of domestic buffaloes suggests a divergence time of about 1.7 Myr, while the swamp type was noticed to have the closest relationship with the tamaraw (1.5 Myr). This result implies that the two types of domestic buffaloes have differentiated at the full species level.

Substitution and Haplotype Diversity Analysis on The Partial Sequence of The Mitochondrial DNA Cyt b of Indonesian Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

“…Fragments of DNA which were successfully amplified using a pair of primers L14841 and H15149 in this research were about 307 bp (Anderson et al, 1981;Kohcer et al, 1989;Irwin et al, 1991, andTanaka et al, 1996). The achieved findings were then confirmed using BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) method to discover whether the gained sequences in the research matched with the cyt b gene sequences of Bubalus bubalis.…”

Livestock genetic origins: Goats buck the trend

“…E-mail: david.machugh@ucd.ie. ification) established taxonomic categorizations based on morphology, i.e., that between humped and humpless cattle and that between river and swamp buffalo (4,(12)(13)(14). The division in pigs is also between European samples and those from Asia (8,15).…”

New phylogenetic perspectives on the Cervidae (Artiodactyla) are provided by the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene

“…A molecular approach, harvesting a large number of characters, may help to solve the unclear phylogeny of cervids. Mitochondrial DNA protein-coding genes and, in particular, the complete mitochondrial cyt b, have proven useful for resolving phylogenetic patterns among various artiodactyls within evolutionary time-frames lower than 20 million years (Ma): camelids (Stanley et al 1994), suiformes (Randi et al 1996), and ruminants (Irwin et al 1991;Chikuni et al 1995;Groves & Shields 1996;Tanaka et al 1996). In this paper we analyse the phylogeny of 11 species representative of all living cervid subfamilies during the last 20 Ma through the comparison of complete mtDNA cyt b sequences.…”