Phylogenetic relationships of Asian freshwater Mytiloidea (Bivalvia): a morphological and genetic comparison ofSinomytilus harmandi, Limnoperna fortuneiandSeptifer bilocularis

Integrative taxonomy and biogeographic affinities of the first freshwater sponge and mollusc association discovered in tropical Asia

“…Taxonomy and sequence accession numbers of sponge and mollusk association's members from the Mun River, Mekong Basin, Thailand, and their relatives from other Asian regions Morton and Dinesen (2010), Morton (2015), and Morton et al (2020) using a Leica M165C microscope (Leica). We examined several qualitative morphological characters as follows: the external appearance of the shell, anterior and posterior adductor muscle scars, anterior and posterior byssal retractor muscle scars, ctenidial attachment muscle scars, outer demibranch, outer and inner labial palps, exhalant siphon, and inhalant aperture.…”

“…Among them, 12 haplotypes were obtained from published sources (Hardivillier et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2019;Lorion et al, 2010Lorion et al, , 2013Morton & Dinesen, 2010;Morton et al, 2020;Ozawa et al, 2017;Robicheau et al, 2017;Sharma et al, 2013;Sun et al, 2017) via GenBank (Table S3). The single-gene alignments were processed by MUSCLE algorithm of MEGA7 (Kumar et al, 2016).…”

“…Conversely, Morton (1973) assumed that L. siamensis could be synonymous with L. fortunei based on the similarity of conchological and anatomical characters. The conspecificity of these two taxa was widely accepted until recently (Morton et al, 2020;Ng et al, 2020), with a plethora of names listed as synonyms of a single widespread species, L. fortunei (e.g., Morton, 2015;Morton & Dinesen, 2010). Here, we revise the status of the two species and propose L. siamensis stat.…”

“…Although a number of molecular studies were already focused on this species, including the whole genome sequencing (De Paula et al, 2020;Uliano-Silva et al, 2018), any DNA sequence data on its populations from the Mekong Basin were not available. It was thought that the genus Limnoperna mostly contains brackish and marine taxa but one freshwater species, L. fortunei, which is widespread from the Mekong Basin to China (Beu, 2006;Graf, 2013;Morton, 1973Morton, , 2015Morton & Dinesen, 2010;Morton et al, 2020 . It was shown that freshwater mussels assemblages of the Sundaland (Mekong, Chao Phraya, Mae Klong and the drainages of the Malay Peninsula and Greater Sunda Islands) and East Asian (rivers east and north of the Mekong Basin up to the Russian Far East) subregions are clearly different even at the subfamily and tribe levels (Bolotov, Pfeiffer, et al, 2018).…”

“…Morton et al (2020) revealed that the septate Sinomytilus harmandi and the aseptate L. fortunei are closely related taxa and that the…”