Phylogenetic species delimitation of the earthworms Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) and Eisenia andrei Bouché, 1972 (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences

Pérez‐Losada, Marcos; Eiroa, Julio; Mato, Salustiano; Domínguez, Jorge

doi:10.1016/j.pedobi.2005.02.004

Cited by 107 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Recently, numerous molecular phylogenetic studies on earthworms have been conducted (Jamieson et al, 2002;Pop et al, 2003Pop et al, , 2007Heethoff et al, 2004;Pérez-Losada et al, 2005Chang et al, , 2007Chang et al, , 2008Chang et al, , 2009Admassu et al, 2006;Huang et al, 2007;King et al, 2008;Cameron et al, 2008;Minamiya et al, 2009;Richard et al, 2009;Novo et al, 2009Novo et al, , 2010Knott and Haimi, 2010). Many of these studies used the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene (Pop et al, 2003(Pop et al, , 2007Pérez-Losada et al, 2005Admassu et al, 2006;Chang et al, 2007Chang et al, , 2008Chang et al, , 2009Huang et al, 2007;King et al, 2008;Cameron et al, 2008;Minamiya et al, 2009;Rougerie et al, 2009;Novo et al, 2009Novo et al, , 2010Knott and Haimi, 2010) because of the ease of primer design and the range of phylogenetic signals and rapid evolutionary rate of this gene (Hebert et al, 2003). To clarify the phylogenetic relationships of A. vittatus with different degree of degraded reproductive organs, we examined the morphological variations, such as the possession rate of both the male and spermathecal pores in A. vittatus found in various locations in Sendai city around Mt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of sexual organ possession rates and phylogenetic analyses of a parthenogenetic Japanese earthworm, Amynthas vittatus (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae)

et al. 2011

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Although earthworms are hermaphroditic animals with biparental sexual reproduction, some parthenogenetic species have been found. Evolutionary trends in parthenogenetic earthworms revealed a reduction in the reproductive organs. To clarify the phylogenetic relationships of parthenogenetic earthworms with different degree of degraded reproductive organs, we conducted a morphological analysis of the reproductive organs and molecular phylogenetic analyses of Amynthas vittatus which usually degraded a part of reproductive organs. Morphological analysis revealed that almost all individuals collected around Mt. Aobayama, Sendai city of northeastern Japan, possessed male pores, while individuals collected from areas located across Hirose River did not. Phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial DNA sequences of 48 individuals representing 20 populations indicated that almost all individuals collected around Mt. Aobayama belonged to a different lineage from the other populations collected around Sendai, and that almost all individuals collected from across Japan belonged to the latter lineage. We suggest that the difference in the male pore possession rate was caused by histories of each population, but the A. vittatus population found on Mt. Aobayama belongs to a different lineage as compared to the other Japanese populations and not the primitive population. Thus, the parthenogenetic earthworm A. vittatus has undergone at least two morphological evolutionary processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of sexual organ possession rates and phylogenetic analyses of a parthenogenetic Japanese earthworm, Amynthas vittatus (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae)

et al. 2011

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“…Studies on the putative origin of this fluorophore in the minority cohort of E. fetida are in progress. Despite the fact that molecular-genetic phenotyping techniques have demonstrated that E. fetida and E. andrei are true species (PEREZ-LOSADA et al 2005;OTOMO et al 2009), we cannot overlook the possibility that some individuals within our laboratory cultures are genetic hybrids. Our use of COI mitochondrial gene barcoding (RORAT et al 2014;SANTOCKI et al 2015) on randomly sampled individuals does not negate the possibility that hybrids could have been included inadvertently in our ex-periments.…”

Section: Riboflavinmentioning

confidence: 86%

Differential Time Course of Restoration of Experimentally Depleted Coelomocytes and Fluorophores in the Earthworm <I>Eisenia andrei</I>

Santocki

Morgan

Płytycz

2016

folia biol (krakow)

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Stressed earthworms expel coelomic fluid containing several vital cellular and soluble components, thus their post-stress recovery has adaptive value. The present manuscript describes the recovery rates of coelomocytes (amoebocytes and eleocytes) and two fluorophores (riboflavin and 4-methylumbelliferyl â-D-glucuronide, MUG) after experimental extrusion by electrostimulation. Analyses were conducted at time points (from 0.5 hour to 7 weeks) by a combination of cell counts, spectrofluorimetric measurements of riboflavin and MUG, and fluorescence microscopy. Coelomic fluid retrieved 30 minutes after extrusion contained <10% of the baseline levels of amoebocytes, eleocytes and riboflavin; the depleted levels of these variables were fully restored after 3, 5, and 7 weeks post-extrusion, respectively. Restored eleocytes were richer in riboflavin than the eleocytes of worms electrostimulated at t 0 . MUG was less severely depleted (to 49% of baseline) than riboflavin, and was restored to the initial level within 1 week post-extrusion. This indicates that MUG, unlike riboflavin, resides mainly within non-coelomocyte cellular location(s); moreover, this fluorophore may be a useful molecular marker for distinguishing even immunologically-compromised E. andrei from closely related composting species.

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“…Phylogenetic analysis of maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian (BMCMC) of the sequences of genes 28S and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and of the combined sequences (28S-COI) showed E. fetida and E. andrei to be monophyletic [18]. These results have been confirmed by other authors and by our group in a genus-level phylogeny of the family Lumbricidae (see Figures 7 and 8, [17]) and through a DNA barcoding study [19].…”

Section: Earthworms -The Ecological Engineers Of Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthworms and Vermicomposting

Domínguez¹

2018

Earthworms - The Ecological Engineers of Soil

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Vermicomposting, the conversion of organic waste into vermicompost, is mediated by the combined action of earthworms and microorganisms. This interesting and attractive alternative to regular composting turns organic waste into a substrate that can be used as a soil amendment and as a growing medium for use in horticulture. Soil is not required in vermicomposting as the organic matter acts as both the substrate and food, and therefore only epigeic earthworms can be used in the process. Several earthworm species have been evaluated for their potential use in vermicomposting, including Eisenia fetida (Savigny), Eisenia andrei (Bouché), Dendrobaena veneta (Rosa), Dendrobaena hortensis (Michaelsen) Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg), and Perionyx excavatus (Perrier). The species most commonly used in vermicomposting and vermiculture facilities worldwide are Eisenia andrei and Eisenia fetida. This chapter reviews and updates the controversy surrounding the taxonomic differentiation between E. andrei and E. fetida, and between D. veneta and D. hortensis, showing that these are all different species and emphasizing the importance of maintaining pure cultures in vermicomposting systems. In the final section, methods of cultivating epigeic earthworms to ensure high rates of growth and reproduction are described.

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Phylogenetic species delimitation of the earthworms Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) and Eisenia andrei Bouché, 1972 (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences

Cited by 107 publications

References 30 publications

Variability of sexual organ possession rates and phylogenetic analyses of a parthenogenetic Japanese earthworm, Amynthas vittatus (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae)

Variability of sexual organ possession rates and phylogenetic analyses of a parthenogenetic Japanese earthworm, Amynthas vittatus (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae)

Differential Time Course of Restoration of Experimentally Depleted Coelomocytes and Fluorophores in the Earthworm <I>Eisenia andrei</I>

Earthworms and Vermicomposting

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