Phylogenetics of mud snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Homalopsidae): A paradox of both undescribed diversity and taxonomic inflation

Bernstein, Justin M.; Murphy, John C.; Voris, Harold K.; Brown, Rafe M.; Ruane, Sara

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107109

Cited by 23 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…(2012) and Bernstein et al . (2021) suggested that at least two taxonomic forms exist within this wide range, one in Indo-China and the other in the Indo-Malay archipelago (including Java). Reflecting its aquatic nature, H. buccata inhabits rivers, swamps, lakes, rice paddies, and human-made drainage systems throughout its range.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The species has been reported from Bangladesh in the west to Sulawesi in the east, and from Myanmar and Vietnam in the north to Java in the south (Murphy 2007). Murphy et al (2012) and Bernstein et al (2021) suggested that at least two taxonomic forms exist within this wide range, one in Indo-China and the other in the Indo-Malay archipelago (including Java). Reflecting its aquatic nature, H. buccata inhabits rivers, swamps, lakes, rice paddies, and humanmade drainage systems throughout its range.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abundance, demography, and harvesting of water snakes from agricultural landscapes in West Java, Indonesia

Kusrini

Manurung²,

Faz³

et al. 2022

Wildlife Res.

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Context Across much of its geographic range, the masked water snake, Homalopsis buccata, is harvested each year in large numbers, questioning the sustainability of that offtake. Aims To quantify abundance and demography of water snakes in anthropogenically disturbed habitats in an area of West Java, where these snakes are subject to intensive harvest. Methods We accompanied professional snake-collectors, and conducted our own surveys of ponds and irrigation canals, to record the numbers and attributes (species, sex, size, etc.) of snakes that were captured using a variety of methods. Key results Snakes of several species were abundant, with mean capture rates of 32 666 snakes km−1 of irrigation canals, and 57 501 snakes km−2 of fishponds (9500 and 43 788 for H. buccata alone). Sex ratios of H. buccata were female-biased in ponds but not irrigation channels. Ponds underlain by deeper mud contained more snakes. Collecting methods varied among habitat types, in a way that reduced collateral risk to commercially farmed fish in ponds. Conclusions These water snakes are extremely abundant in Java, despite high levels of historical and continuing harvest. The inference of low population sizes for H. buccata in Indonesia, as presented in the IUCN Red List, is erroneous. Implications An ability to utilise anthropogenic resource subsidies (in this case, fish farmed in village ponds) allows some native predator species to attain remarkably high abundances, and to withstand intense efforts at harvesting.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance, demography, and harvesting of water snakes from agricultural landscapes in West Java, Indonesia

Kusrini

Manurung²,

Faz³

et al. 2022

Wildlife Res.

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“…Intriguingly, compared to the deficient expression in the other three clades, the expression of svPDE in Homalopsidae was higher, although not larger than ENPP3. This feature provides new insight into the characteristics of Homalopsidae, a species still being discovered (Bernstein, Murphy, Voris, Brown, & Ruane, 2021;Kohler et al, 2021). In contrast to the predominance of svPDE across the species of Viperidae, the svPDE expression across the species of Elapidae shows higher interspecies variation and even exhibits a contrary pattern in some of the species (Fig.…”

Section: Svpde Are Predominantly Expressed In the Venom Glands Of Ven...mentioning

confidence: 96%

The evolution and structure of snake venom phosphodiesterase (svPDE) highlight its importance in venom actions

Pan

Lin

et al. 2022

Preprint

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For decades, studies of snake venoms focused on the venom-ome-specific toxins (VSTs). VSTs are dominant soluble proteins believed to contribute to the main venomous effects and emerged into gene clusters for fast adaptation and diversification of snake venoms. However, the conserved minor venom components, such as snake venom phosphodiesterase (svPDE), remain largely unexplored. Here, we focus on svPDE by genomic and transcriptomic analysis across snake clades and demonstrate that soluble svPDE is co-opted from the ancestral membrane-attached ENPP3 (ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3) gene by replacing the original 5′ exon with the exon encoding a signal peptide. Notably, the exons, promoters and transcription/translation starts have been replaced multiple times during snake evolution, suggesting the evolutionary necessity of svPDE. The structural and biochemical analyses also show that svPDE shares the similar functions with ENPP family, suggesting its perturbation to the purinergic signaling and insulin transduction in venomous effects.

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“…All snakes can likely swim via undulation. 50 Some species spend substantial portions of their lives in the water (Figure 1), including many in the family Homalopsidae [51][52][53][54][55] and the colubrid subfamily Natricinae. [56][57][58][59][60] The most specialized aquatic snakes include the Acrochordidae and certain marine members of the Elapidae, some of which have evolved tails with a pronounced paddle shape.…”

Section: Swimming and Floatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional diversity of snake locomotor behaviors: A review of the biological literature for bioinspiration

Tingle,

Garner,

Astley

2024

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Organismal solutions to natural challenges can spark creative engineering applications. However, most engineers are not experts in organismal biology, creating a potential barrier to maximally effective bioinspired design. In this review, we aim to reduce that barrier with respect to a group of organisms that hold particular promise for a variety of applications: snakes. Representing >10% of tetrapod vertebrates, snakes inhabit nearly every imaginable terrestrial environment, moving with ease under many conditions that would thwart other animals. To do so, they employ over a dozen different types of locomotion (perhaps well over). Lacking limbs, they have evolved axial musculoskeletal features that enable their vast functional diversity, which can vary across species. Different species also have various skin features that provide numerous functional benefits, including frictional anisotropy or isotropy (as their locomotor habits demand), waterproofing, dirt shedding, antimicrobial properties, structural colors, and wear resistance. Snakes clearly have much to offer to the fields of robotics and materials science. We aim for this review to increase knowledge of snake functional diversity by facilitating access to the relevant literature.

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Phylogenetics of mud snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Homalopsidae): A paradox of both undescribed diversity and taxonomic inflation

Cited by 23 publications

References 108 publications

Abundance, demography, and harvesting of water snakes from agricultural landscapes in West Java, Indonesia

Abundance, demography, and harvesting of water snakes from agricultural landscapes in West Java, Indonesia

The evolution and structure of snake venom phosphodiesterase (svPDE) highlight its importance in venom actions

Functional diversity of snake locomotor behaviors: A review of the biological literature for bioinspiration

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