Phylogenomics of 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol-Producing Pseudomonas and Novel Antiglycation Endophytes from Piper auritum

Abstract

2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) (1) is a phenolic polyketide produced by some plant-associated Pseudomonas species, with many biological activities and ecological functions. Here, we aimed at reconstructing the natural history of DAPG using phylogenomics focused at its biosynthetic gene cluster or phl genes. In addition to around 1500 publically available genomes, we obtained and analyzed the sequences of nine novel Pseudomonas endophytes isolated from the antidiabetic medicinal plant Piper auritum. We found that 29 organisms belonging to six Pseudomonas species contain the phl genes at different frequencies depending on the species. The evolution of the phl genes was then reconstructed, leading to at least two clades postulated to correlate with the known chemical diversity surrounding DAPG biosynthesis. Moreover, two of the newly obtained Pseudomonas endophytes with high antiglycation activity were shown to exert their inhibitory activity against the formation of advanced glycation end-products via DAPG and related congeners. Its isomer, 5-hydroxyferulic acid (2), detected during bioactivity-guided fractionation, together with other DAPG congeners, were found to enhance the detected inhibitory activity. This report provides evidence of a link between the evolution and chemical diversity of DAPG and congeners.

Increased Numbers of Culturable Inhibitory Bacterial Taxa May Mitigate the Effects of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Australian Wet Tropics Frogs

“…Although some genera could comprise multiple OTUs that each produce different antifungal compounds, it is likely that some subgeneric OTUs would have the same mechanisms. For example, multiple Pseudomonas species can produce the antifungal compound 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol ( Gutierrez-Garcia et al, 2017 ). Splitting genera into multiple OTUs may overestimate the diversity of inhibitory mechanisms, so we chose the more conservative approach of leaving genera intact.…”

Rhodococcus comparative genomics reveals a phylogenomic-dependent non-ribosomal peptide synthetase distribution: insights into biosynthetic gene cluster connection to an orphan metabolite

“…To our knowledge, such a strong phylogenomicdependent GCF pattern of BGC distribution as demonstrated in our study has not been previously reported. Efforts in elucidating BGC diversity had been described through sparse scenarios [6,[102][103][104], while evolutionary interconnections between BGCs and the forces shaping their specialised metabolites are just beginning to be recognized [105]. The postgenomic era has revealed some hypotheses, such as the dynamic chemical matrix evolutionary hypothesis, which reconciles chemical, functional and genetic data [106].…”

Potential of Finger Millet Indigenous Rhizobacterium Pseudomonas sp. MSSRFD41 in Blast Disease Management—Growth Promotion and Compatibility With the Resident Rhizomicrobiome

“…Control of blast disease employing biological agents can enhance agricultural productivity in crops such as wheat, rice, millet, and barley, and is reported to protect yield loss (Kumar and Kumar, 2011 ; Prajapati et al, 2013 ; Cruz and Valent, 2017 ). Bioinoculants are sustainable natural resources with a wide range of disease control strategies and multiple beneficial plant growth promoting traits (Negi et al, 2015 ; Santhanam et al, 2015 ; Souza et al, 2015 ; Cruz and Valent, 2017 ; Deketelaere et al, 2017 ; GutiéRrez-GarcíA et al, 2017 ). Many studies have reported pseudomonads as bioinoculants with the potential to manage phytopathogens and promote the growth of crops cultivated under different agro-climatic conditions (Yin et al, 2013 ; Selvaraj et al, 2014 ; Wang et al, 2015 ).…”

“…Pseudomonads are known to produce a wide range of metabolites including antibiotics (2,4-DAPG, HCN, PLT, and PCA) and enzymes that exhibit antagonistic activity against phytopathogens (Jegan, 2015 ; Müller et al, 2016 ; Vacheron et al, 2017 ; Yan et al, 2017 ). A GC/MS profile of MSSRFD41 crude extract showed the presence of reported potential antimicrobial metabolites including pyrrolo [1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl) a major antimicrobial metabolite (Melo et al, 2014 ), H-pyran, 2-(7-heptadecynyloxy)tetrahydro (Devi and Muthu, 2014 ); piperidine-3-carboxylic acid (Santiago et al, 2016 ); tert-hexadecanethiol (Giri et al, 2017 ); 1-heptatriacotanol (Kalaiarasan et al, 2011 ); octadecadienoic acid (Ganesh and Mohankumar, 2017 ); pyrazine and 2,4-DAPG derivatives (GutiéRrez-GarcíA et al, 2017 ). Production of these groups of potential antifungal secondary metabolites correlates to the efficacy of MSSRFD41 in the inhibition of P. grisea .…”