Phylogeny and classification of Ranunculales: Evidence from four molecular loci and morphological data

Wang, Wei; Lu, Aigang; Ren, Yi; Endress, Mary E.; Chen, Zhiduan

doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2009.01.001

Cited by 240 publications

(355 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Thus, minimal elaboration of an existing developmental mechanism can rapidly generate spur-length variation in the genus in concert with a specific ecological pressure, the presence of a pollinator with a dramatically longer tongue. Interestingly, there are taxa within the genera Semiaquilegia and Urophysa, which are very closely related to Aquilegia, that lack elongated spurs but produce small nectary cups or extremely short spurs [6,13,14], similar to very early developmental stages in Aquilegia. This implies that the evolutionary innovation underlying spur formation and the rapid radiation of Aquilegia may have been the mechanism of tuning cell anisotropy, which led to the elaboration of the nectary cup.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of spur-length diversity in Aquilegia petals is achieved solely through cell-shape anisotropy

et al. 2011

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The role of petal spurs and specialized pollinator interactions has been studied since Darwin. Aquilegia petal spurs exhibit striking size and shape diversity, correlated with specialized pollinators ranging from bees to hawkmoths in a textbook example of adaptive radiation. Despite the evolutionary significance of spur length, remarkably little is known about Aquilegia spur morphogenesis and its evolution. Using experimental measurements, both at tissue and cellular levels, combined with numerical modelling, we have investigated the relative roles of cell divisions and cell shape in determining the morphology of the Aquilegia petal spur. Contrary to decades-old hypotheses implicating a discrete meristematic zone as the driver of spur growth, we find that Aquilegia petal spurs develop via anisotropic cell expansion. Furthermore, changes in cell anisotropy account for 99 per cent of the spur-length variation in the genus, suggesting that the true evolutionary innovation underlying the rapid radiation of Aquilegia was the mechanism of tuning cell shape.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of spur-length diversity in Aquilegia petals is achieved solely through cell-shape anisotropy

et al. 2011

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“…Based on comparative morphological and anatomical studies, it has been proposed that petals in this and related families (such as Berberidaceae, Menispermaceae, and Lardizabalaceae) are all andropetals that resulted from independent modifications of stamens (1,2). Recent phylogenetic analyses, however, tend to support the idea that having petals, or being petalous, is an ancestral character state whereas being apetalous is a derived one (21,22). Indeed, when the two states of this character were mapped onto the phylogenetic tree of the family, it became evident that in at least seven lineages apetalous genera have had petalous ancestors ( Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruption of the petal identity gene APETALA3-3 is highly correlated with loss of petals within the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae)

Zhang

Guo

Zhang

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Absence of petals, or being apetalous, is usually one of the most important features that characterizes a group of flowering plants at high taxonomic ranks (i.e., family and above). The apetalous condition, however, appears to be the result of parallel or convergent evolution with unknown genetic causes. Here we show that within the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae), apetalous genera in at least seven different lineages were all derived from petalous ancestors, indicative of parallel petal losses. We also show that independent petal losses within this family were strongly associated with decreased or eliminated expression of a single floral organ identity gene, APETALA3-3 ( AP3-3 ) , apparently owing to species-specific molecular lesions. In an apetalous mutant of Nigella , insertion of a transposable element into the second intron has led to silencing of the gene and transformation of petals into sepals. In several naturally occurring apetalous genera, such as Thalictrum , Beesia , and Enemion , the gene has either been lost altogether or disrupted by deletions in coding or regulatory regions. In Clematis , a large genus in which petalous species evolved secondarily from apetalous ones, the gene exhibits hallmarks of a pseudogene. These results suggest that, as a petal identity gene, AP3-3 has been silenced or down-regulated by different mechanisms in different evolutionary lineages. This also suggests that petal identity did not evolve many times independently across the Ranunculaceae but was lost in numerous instances. The genetic mechanisms underlying the independent petal losses, however, may be complex, with disruption of AP3-3 being either cause or effect.

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“…Using the Wang et al (2009) calyx: ? ; 24, perianth phyllotaxis: 1 = whorled; 25, perianth whorls: 2 = one; 26, perianth arrangement: 3 = 5; 27, nectary petals: ?…”

Section: Systematic Assessment Of Paisia Pantoporatamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most species of Euptelea the grains are pantocolpate, but partially pantoporate grains occur in Euptelea polyandra Siebold et Zucc., while tricolpate pollen is less common in Euptelea (Praglowski 1974) and the scoring of Euptelea pollen as basically tricolpate as in the analysis of pollen evolution by Doyle (2005) could be misleading. In Papaveraceae, pantoporate pollen is known in Fumarioideae (Rupicapnos, Fumaria) and Papaveroideae (Bocconia, Eomecon, Macleaya, Meconopsis, Papaver, Roemeria, Sanguinaria) (Kadereit 1993;Blackmore et al 1995;Wang et al 2009) and in Berberidaceae, pantoporate pollen is reported for Ranzania (Nowicke & Skvarla 1981). In the Ranunculaceae, pantoporate pollen is known for species of Caltha (Smit & Punt 1969), Thalictrum (Wodehouse 1936;Blackmore et al 1995;Tatlidil et al 2005), Clematis (Wang & Xie 2007;Xie & Li 2012), Coptis (Wodehouse 1936), Ranunculus (Nowicke & Skvarla 1979;Blackmore et al 1995;Emadzade et al 2010), Krafia and Laccopetalum (Emadzade et al 2010) and pantocolpate pollen is known for Hepatica (Nowicke & Skvarla 1981).…”

Section: Systematic Assessment Of Paisia Pantoporatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Paisia, an Early Cretaceous eudicot angiosperm flower with pantoporate pollen from Portugal

Friis

Mendes

Pedersen

2017

Grana

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Phylogeny and classification of Ranunculales: Evidence from four molecular loci and morphological data

Cited by 240 publications

References 66 publications

Evolution of spur-length diversity in Aquilegia petals is achieved solely through cell-shape anisotropy

Evolution of spur-length diversity in Aquilegia petals is achieved solely through cell-shape anisotropy

Disruption of the petal identity gene APETALA3-3 is highly correlated with loss of petals within the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae)

Paisia, an Early Cretaceous eudicot angiosperm flower with pantoporate pollen from Portugal

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