Phylogeny and population dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus (Rsv) A and B

Martinelli, Marianna; Frati, Elena Rosanna; Zappa, Alessandra; Ebranati, Erika; Bianchi, Silvia; Pariani, Elena; Amendola, Antonella; Zehender, Gianguglielmo; Tanzi, Elisabetta

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2014.06.006

Cited by 34 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…1B that genotype dominance has alternated in different time periods. While several genotypes cocirculated most of the time with alternating dominance, the GA2 genotype has become almost exclusive since 2005, as reported in several studies (30,33) and observed with recent viruses from Madrid and Panama (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Recent publications have drawn attention to the shift from "multiple genotype circulation to prolonged circulation of predominant genotypes," as seen in Belgium between 1996 and 2011 (30). In addition, a novel GA2 variant with a 72-nt duplication, named ON1 and first detected in Ontario (Canada) in December 2010 (31), has spread rapidly worldwide (32)(33)(34), exacerbating the current dominance of the GA2 genotype.…”

Section: Evolution and Dominance Of Group A Genotypes Over Timementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Conservation of G-Protein Epitopes in Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Group A) Despite Broad Genetic Diversity: Is Antibody Selection Involved in Virus Evolution?

Trento

Ábrego

Rodríguez‐Fernández

et al. 2015

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Worldwide G-glycoprotein phylogeny of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) group A sequences revealed diversification in major clades and genotypes over more than 50 years of recorded history. Multiple genotypes cocirculated during prolonged periods of time, but recent dominance of the GA2 genotype was noticed in several studies, and it is highlighted here with sequences from viruses circulating recently in Spain and Panama. Reactivity of group A viruses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that recognize strain-variable epitopes of the G glycoprotein failed to correlate genotype diversification with antibody reactivity. Additionally, no clear correlation was found between changes in strain-variable epitopes and predicted sites of positive selection, despite both traits being associated with the C-terminal third of the G glycoprotein. Hence, our data do not lend support to the proposed antibody-driven selection of variants as a major determinant of hRSV evolution. Other alternative mechanisms are considered to account for the high degree of hRSV G-protein variability. H uman respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is recognized as the major cause of severe acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) in infants and young children worldwide (1). hRSV causes annual epidemics, and reinfections are common throughout life, although they are usually less severe than the primary infections. hRSV is also an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly and in adults with cardiopulmonary disease or with an impaired immune system (2). IMPORTANCE An unusual characteristic of the G glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the accumulation of nonsynonymous (N) changes at higher rates than synonymous (S) changes, reaching dN/dS valueshRSV is an enveloped, nonsegmented, negative-sense RNA virus, classified in the genus Pneumovirus within the Paramyxoviridae family (for a recent review, see reference 3). The hRSV genome encodes 11 proteins, two of them being the major surface glycoproteins of the virus envelope. These are (i) the attachment (G) protein, which mediates binding of the virus to the cell surface (4), and (ii) the fusion (F) protein, which promotes fusion of the virus and cell membrane, allowing cell entry of the viral genome (5).The G protein is a type II glycoprotein synthesized as a 32-kDa polypeptide precursor of 297 to 310 amino acids (aa), depending on the strain, and modified posttranslationally by the addition of several N-linked oligosaccharides and multiple O-linked sugar chains (6). The G-protein ectodomain (from residue 67 to the C terminus) has a central conserved region (aa 163 to 189) that includes four Cys residues (residues 173, 176, 182, and 186), and it is essentially devoid of potential glycosylation sites. This conserved region is flanked by two highly variable mucin-like segments, very rich in Ser and Thr, that are potential sites of O glycosylation. The extensive glycosylation of the G protein shapes its reactivity with both murine monoclonal antibodies (M...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Evolution and Dominance Of Group A Genotypes Over Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation of G-Protein Epitopes in Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Group A) Despite Broad Genetic Diversity: Is Antibody Selection Involved in Virus Evolution?

Trento

Ábrego

Rodríguez‐Fernández

et al. 2015

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The first report about the appearance of ON1 strains was from Canada [8], where it was detected in December 2010. Shortly afterwards, its presence was reported in a number of Asian countries [11,12,13,14,15], in South Africa [16], Kenya [17] and in Europe [18,19,20,21]. A similar major genetic incident has previously happened in group B, where a 60-nt in-frame duplication has occurred also within HVR2 [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Although it accounts for approximately only 2% of the whole HRSV genome, it has been identified as the most reliable to describe the evolutionary changes of HRSV [29,30]. Genotype ON1 was shown to have evolved from NA1, the dominant HRSV A genotype in a number of molecular epidemiologic studies from 2007 to 2012 [8,15,18,19,27,31,32]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Evolution of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ON1 Strains: Analysis of the Diversity in the C-Terminal Hypervariable Region of Glycoprotein Gene within the First 3.5 Years since Their Detection

Ivancic-Jelecki

Forčić²,

Mlinarić‐Galinović³

et al. 2015

Intervirology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Characterization of the phylogeny and diversity of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) genotype ON1 that occurred during its early evolution (within the first 3.5 years since the detection of the first ON1 strains). ON1 strains have a 72-nucleotide-long in-frame duplication within the second hypervariable domain of the glycoprotein gene (HVR2). Methods: All available HVR2 sequences of strains belonging to the ON1 genotype published prior to June 20, 2014 were collected. Multiple sequence alignments, phylogeny, phylogeography, sequence clustering and putative protein analyses were performed. Results: The worldwide spread and diversification of ON1 strains are presented. Only in a minority of ON1 strains do the two replicas remain identical, and various ON1 strains possess common differences between the first and the second copy (segments A and B). Mutations of the progenitor sequence were more frequent in segment B, a higher overall diversity on the protein level and more putative glycosylation sites exist in segment B, and, unlike in segment A, positive selection acts on that protein region. Conclusions: The fast spread of the novel HRSV genotype ON1 has been accompanied by its rapid concurrent diversification. Differences in variability of the two replicas within HVR2 were detected, with C-terminal replica being more variable.

show abstract

“…For instance, a part of the G protein of RSV is used for genotype-based studies; a part of F gene for HMPV studies; the entire SH gene for mumps virus; and the terminal fragment of N gene for measles virus, respectively (Jin et al, 2015;Martinelli et al 2014;Nor'e et al, 2014;WHO, 2012). Small volumes of clinical samples and limitations of the classical sequencing method imposed a reason to arbitrarily determine the region for genotyping our samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of genetic variability of human parainfluenza virus type 1 in Croatia, 2011–2014

Košutić-Gulija

Slović

Ljubin‐Sternak

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phylogeny and population dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus (Rsv) A and B

Cited by 34 publications

References 46 publications

Conservation of G-Protein Epitopes in Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Group A) Despite Broad Genetic Diversity: Is Antibody Selection Involved in Virus Evolution?

Conservation of G-Protein Epitopes in Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Group A) Despite Broad Genetic Diversity: Is Antibody Selection Involved in Virus Evolution?

Early Evolution of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ON1 Strains: Analysis of the Diversity in the C-Terminal Hypervariable Region of Glycoprotein Gene within the First 3.5 Years since Their Detection

A study of genetic variability of human parainfluenza virus type 1 in Croatia, 2011–2014

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About