Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tubakia s. lat.

Abstract

The genus Tubakia is revised on the basis of morphological and phylogenetic data. The phylogenetic affinity of Tubakia to the family Melanconiellaceae (Diaporthales) was recently postulated, but new analyses based on sequences retrieved from material of the type species of Tubakia, T. dryina, support a family of its own, viz. Tubakiaceae fam. nov. Our phylogenetic analyses revealed the heterogeneity of Tubakia s. lat. which is divided into several genera, viz., Tubakia s. str., Apiognomonioides gen. nov. (type species: Apiognomonioides supraseptata), Involutiscutellula gen. nov. (type species: Involutiscutellula rubra), Oblongisporothyrium gen. nov. (type species: Oblongisporothyrium castanopsidis), Paratubakia gen. nov. (type species: Paratubakia subglobosa), Racheliella gen. nov. (type species: Racheliella wingfieldiana sp. nov.), Saprothyrium gen. nov. (type species: Saprothyrium thailandense) and Sphaerosporithyrium gen. nov. (type species: Sphaerosporithyrium mexicanum sp. nov.). Greeneria saprophytica is phylogenetically closely allied to Racheliella wingfieldiana and is therefore reallocated to Racheliella. Particular emphasis is laid on a revision and phylogenetic analyses of Tubakia species described from Japan and North America. Almost all North American collections of this genus were previously referred to as T. dryina s. lat., which is, however, a heterogeneous complex. Several new North American species have recently been described. The new species Sphaerosporithyrium mexicanum, Tubakia melnikiana and T. sierrafriensis, causing leaf spots on several oak species found in the North-Central Mexican state Aguascalientes and the NorthEastern Mexican state Nuevo León, are described, illustrated, and compared with similar species. Several additional new species are introduced, including Tubakia californica based on Californian collections on various species of the genera Chrysolepis, Notholithocarpus and Quercus, and T. dryinoides, T. oblongispora, T. paradryinoides, and Paratubakia subglobosoides described on the basis of Japanese collections. Tubakia suttoniana nom. nov., based on Dicarpella dryina, is a species closely allied to T. californica and currently only known from Europe. Tubakia dryina, type species of Tubakia, is epitypified, and the phylogenetic position and circumscription of Tubakia are clarified. A revised, supplemented key to the species of Tubakia and allied genera on the basis of conidiomata is provided.

New and Interesting Fungi. 2

“…Other loci were sequenced for various species or genera using primers and conditions specific for those groups of fungi (Table 1). Amplification of the partial DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene (rpb2), the partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (tef1) and the partial beta-tubulin gene (tub2) followed Braun et al (2018), while the amplification of the partial actin gene (act), the partial calmodulin gene (cmdA), the partial glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (gapdh) and the partial histone H3 gene (his3) followed Videira et al (2016). The resulting fragments were sequenced in both directions using the respective PCR primers and the BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Kit v. 3.1 (Applied Biosystems Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA); DNA sequencing amplicons were purified through Sephadex G-50 Superfine columns (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) in MultiScreen HV plates (Millipore, Billerica, MA).…”

“…The results are provided as part of the species notes or as selected phylogenetic trees. Phylogenetic trees were generated using Bayesian analyses performed with MrBayes v. 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al 2012) for the overview trees and Maximum Parsimony analyses performed with PAUP v. 4.0b10 (Swofford 2003) as explained in Braun et al (2018) for the genus and species trees. All resulting trees were printed with Geneious v. 11.0.3 (http://www.geneious.com, Kearse et al 2012) and the layout of the trees was done in Adobe Illustrator v. CC 2017.…”

“…On MEA surface zones of pale olivaceous grey to olivaceous grey, reverse olivaceous grey; on PDA surface zones of olivaceous grey to smoke grey, reverse olivaceous grey; on OA surface olivaceous grey. Notes: Tubakia suttoniana is known from branch and stem cankers on Quercus cerris in New Zealand (CBS 229.77;Braun et al 2018), and CPC 32745 represents an additional record from that country.…”

Citizen science project reveals high diversity in Didymellaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes)

“…Statistical support for the branches was evaluated using a bootstrap analysis (BS) of 1000 replicates. MP analyses were carried out using PAUP v.4.0b10 (Swofford 2003) as described by Braun et al (2018). Statistical support for the branches was evaluated using a bootstrap analysis (PBS) of 1000 replicates.…”

Allelochaeta (Sporocadaceae): pigmentation lost and gained

“…Four partial nuclear genes were subjected to PCR amplification and sequencing. These included the 28S nrRNA gene (LSU), internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS) of the nrDNA operon, DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene (rpb2), beta-tubulin (tub2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) using the primers and conditions explained in Braun et al (2018). The resulting fragments were sequenced in both directions using the respective PCR primers and the BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Kit v. 3.1 (Applied Biosystems Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA).…”