Phylogeny of Cephalobina (Nematoda): Molecular evidence for recurrent evolution of probolae and incongruence with traditional classifications

Nadler, Steven A.; Ley, Paul De; Mundo-Ocampo, M.; Smythe, Ashleigh B.; Stock, S. Patricia; Bumbarger, Dan; Adams, Byron J.; Ley, Irma Tandingan De; Holovachov, Oleksandr; Baldwin, J. G.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.04.005

Cited by 82 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Probolae are continuous with the collagenous body wall cuticle and are secreted de novo during each of four molts. Probolae are specific to the Cephalobinae and appear to have evolved rapidly, diversifying greatly within the group (Sauer and Annels, 1984;Nadler et al, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional reconstruction of the nose epidermal cells in the microbial feeding nematode, Acrobeles complexus (Nematoda: Rhabditida)

Bumbarger¹,

Crum²,

Ellisman³

et al. 2006

Journal of Morphology

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The epidermis of the anterior end (nose) plays an important role in the evolution, development, and functional feeding morphology in nematodes, but information on this complex organ system is limited. Here, we produce a 3D model of 13 of the cells making up this organ system reconstructed from serial transmission electron micrographs of the microbial feeding nematode, Acrobeles complexus. Nose epidermal cells were found to be broadly similar to those of the distantly related model organism Caenorhabditis elegans in the number and arrangement of nuclei in these largely syncytial cells; this similarity demonstrates striking evolutionary conservation that allows for robust statements of homology between the taxa. Examining details of cell shape, however, revealed surprisingly complex subcellular specialization, which differed markedly from C. elegans in the number and arrangement of cell processes. Anterior toroid processes of the anterior arcade, posterior arcade, and HypB syncytia form a nested complex at the base of the labial probolae. Anterior toroid processes of HypC and the inner labial socket cells are associated with the base of the cephalic probolae and radial ridge processes. Extracellular filaments (tendon organs) and radiating cytoskeletal filaments of the posterior arcade syncytium form a connection between the body wall muscle cells and the pharynx. An epidermal cell with no known homolog in other nematodes is identified. Findings provide a basis to propose hypotheses related to the development and evolutionary origin of specialized feeding appendages (probolae) in the Cephalobinae (including Acrobeles), and hypotheses of homology are revised for epidermal cells in the nose of the closely related and primarily plant parasitic group, Tylenchida.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional reconstruction of the nose epidermal cells in the microbial feeding nematode, Acrobeles complexus (Nematoda: Rhabditida)

Bumbarger¹,

Crum²,

Ellisman³

et al. 2006

Journal of Morphology

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“…Because of this uniqueness, the absence of a characteristic gonoduct system for early diverging Tylenchina (Bert et al, 2008), and the fact that in rhabditid nematodes the gonoduct structure even varies significantly across genera (Geraert et al, 1980), it is difficult to compare the Steinernema gonoduct structure with putatively closed related taxa. Thus, the gonoduct structure does not provide any morphological clues to the molecular based discussion about the phylogenetic position of Steinernema, i.e., within (De Ley & Blaxter, 2002) or outside (Nadler et al, 2006a) the Tylenchina. However, the overall similarity in gonoduct structure within the genus may be an additional argument supporting the coherence of the genus Steinernema, a feature also shown from other morphological and molecular studies (Stock et al, 2001;Spiridonov et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Despite several phylogenetic SSU and LSU rDNA analyses the position of Steinernematidae remains uncertain. In this paper we follow De Ley and Blaxter (2002) and place the family under the Strongyloidoidea within the Tylenchina, a placement also accepted by Holterman et al (2006), Hunt (2007), Meldal et al (2007) and Bert et al (2008), although rejected by Nadler et al (2006a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

The structure of the female reproductive system of nematodes from the genus Steinernema (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae)

Zograf¹,

Bert

Borgonie

2008

Nematol

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Summary -Females of six species of nematodes from the genus Steinernema (S. affine, S. arenarium, S. bicornutum, S. carpocapsae, S. feltiae and S. glaseri) were studied using light microscopy. Investigation of the gonoduct morphology was completed with ultrastructural data for S. carpocapsae and S. feltiae. Except for S. bicornutum, all species studied show an overall similarity in reproductive system architecture, i.e., a swollen proximal region of the ovaries, an oviduct consisting of irregular rows with two to four cells in cross-section and a uterus divided into two morphologically distinguishable parts (except S. carpocapsae). Such a gonoduct structure is distinctive from any other known nematode gonoduct, especially the particular arrangement of the oviduct cells in mostly long irregular rows with two to four cells in cross-section (except S. bicornutum), which is, according to current knowledge, unique within the Rhabditida. These results indicate the coherence of the genus Steinernema as shown from other morphological and molecular studies. The distal swelling of the uterus is considered to be a spermatheca-uterus complex that possibly functions to store and activate sperm and as a fertilisation chamber. The diversity of the cellular architecture of the Steinernema gonoduct provides valuable information for the delineation of species within a morphologically conserved genus. Furthermore, limited results point to a congruence between the gonoduct characters and current molecular phylogenetic hypothesis within Steinernema. Future studies in this direction must ultimately lead to a better understanding of evolutionary processes within the genus.

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“…As described, molecular sequence data of A. nanus was the same or very similar to some other acrobeloids; however, its morphology clearly distinguishes A. nanus from A. thornei (with two lateral incisures, setose labial probolae and pointed tail), A. buetschlii (with three lateral incisures), A. ellesmerensis (with four lateral incisures with three extending to tail end, and setose labial probolae), A. uberrinus (with two to three incisures extending to tail end, and setose labial probolae), and A. apiculatus (with a pointed tail). In addition, earlier studies have reported that the D2-D3 region of 28S rDNA and the 18S sequence did not show clear resolution in their relationships among some species within Cephalobidae (Holterman et al, 2006;Nadler et al, 2006;Smythe and Nadler, 2006;Sonnenberg et al, 2007;RybarczykMydłowska et al, 2012). Therefore, the D2-D3 region of 28S rDNA and 18S rDNA should be used with great caution as molecular markers for species level identification of Acrobeloides species.…”

Section: Systematic Accountsmentioning

confidence: 91%

First Record of Acrobeloides nanus (Cephalobidae: Rhabditida: Nematoda) from Korea

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Bae³

et al. 2016

Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity

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Acrobeloides nanus (de Man, 1880) Anderson, 1968 belonging to the family Cephalobidae Filpijev, 1934 (Cephalobomorpha) is newly reported from South Korea. This species is distinguished from other Acrobeloides species by its low and blunt labial probolae, five lateral incisures with middle incisure extending to the tail tip, and bluntly rounded tail. In this study, details of morphological characters of A. nanus is described and illustrated based on optical and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, molecular sequence data of the D2-D3 region of 28S rDNA, 18S rDNA and mitochondria DNA cox1 region from this species are provided as DNA barcode sequences.

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Phylogeny of Cephalobina (Nematoda): Molecular evidence for recurrent evolution of probolae and incongruence with traditional classifications

Cited by 82 publications

References 31 publications

Three‐dimensional reconstruction of the nose epidermal cells in the microbial feeding nematode, Acrobeles complexus (Nematoda: Rhabditida)

Three‐dimensional reconstruction of the nose epidermal cells in the microbial feeding nematode, Acrobeles complexus (Nematoda: Rhabditida)

The structure of the female reproductive system of nematodes from the genus Steinernema (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae)

First Record of Acrobeloides nanus (Cephalobidae: Rhabditida: Nematoda) from Korea

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