Phylogeny, ontogeny and embryo transfer

Betteridge, K.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(95)00322-y

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…In the dog, oocyte maturation is well known to be delayed 2-3 days after ovulation (Holst & Phemister 1971, Tsutsui 1975) and embryonic development is much slower than in other species (for review see Betteridge 1995). However, the exact timing of meiosis during the first 48 h is not well described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo meiotic resumption, fertilization and early embryonic development in the bitch

Reynaud¹,

Fontbonne²,

Marseloo³

et al. 2005

Reproduction

112

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Early development in canine species follows a very specific pattern. Oocytes are ovulated at the germinal vesicle stage and meiotic resumption occurs in the oviduct. However, because of difficulties in the accurate determination of ovulation time and in the observation of oocyte nuclear stage by light microscopy, these early events have not been fully described. Moreover, the oocyte stage at which sperm penetration occurs is still uncertain since fertilization of immature oocytes has been reported in vivo and in vitro. The aim of this study was to establish the exact timing of in vivo meiotic resumption, fertilization and early embryo development in the bitch with reference to ovulation. Ovulation was first determined by ultrasonography, artificial inseminations were performed daily and oocytes/embryos were collected between 17 and 138 h after ovulation. After fixation and DNA/tubulin staining, the nuclear stage was observed by confocal microscopy. Of the 195 oocytes/embryos collected from 50 bitches, the germinal vesicle stage was the only one present until 44 h post-ovulation, and the first metaphase II stage was observed for the first time at 54 h. Sperm penetration of immature oocytes appeared to be exceptional (three out of 112 immature oocytes). In most cases, fertilization occurred from 90 h post-ovulation in metaphase II oocytes. Embryonic development was observed up to the eight-cell stage. No significant influence of bitch breed and age on ovulation rate, maturation and developmental kinetics was observed. However, some heterogeneity in the maturation/development process was observed within the cohort of oocytes/embryos collected from one bitch. In conclusion, the most peculiar aspect of the canine species remains oocyte meiotic maturation whereas fertilization follows the same pattern as in other mammals. Reproduction (2005) 130 193-201

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo meiotic resumption, fertilization and early embryonic development in the bitch

Reynaud¹,

Fontbonne²,

Marseloo³

et al. 2005

Reproduction

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As has already been mentioned, this stage is the longest cell cycle in the preimplantation period in this species. Therefore, it is probable that in mastomys the major transcription of zygotic genes may begin at the 2-cell stage, as in many other laboratory rodents [12]. This possibility, however, should be the subject of future study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preimplantation Embryo Development in Mastomys (Praomys coucha) In Vivo and In Vitro.

Ogura

Matsuda

Mochida

et al. 1997

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. Mastomys (Praomys coucha) is a small murine rodent native in Africa. The present study was undertaken to investigate the developmental time course of mastomys embryos in vivo and the rate of development in vitro. Mastomys embryos developing in vivo exhibited a long 2-cell stage, which lasted from late Day 1 through Day 3. At Day 4, most embryos developed to the 8-cell or morula stages and at Day 5, all embryos reached the blastocyst stage. The attachment of embryos to the endometrium began at Day 5, as revealed by histological examinations. The development in vitro was investigated in different media with three inbred strains and an F1 hybrid. When 1-cell embryos from inbred mastomys were cultured in Whitten's medium (WM), none of them (n=61) developed beyond the 2-cell stage. Embryos of the same strains collected at Day 2 (2-cells) reached the blastocyst stage (46%, 31/67) in the same medium. Meanwhile, 1-cell embryos from F1 hybrid mastomys developed to the blastocyst stage in WM (13%, 13/71), indicating the presence of a strong heterosis effect. CZB medium, which lacks glucose and contains glutamine and EDTA, supported the development of 1-cell inbred embryos to the blastocyst stage (24%, 17/70). Supplementation of glutamine, but not EDTA, to WM stimulated the development of 1-cells to the blastocyst stage (22%, 11/51). These findings indicate that the development of mastomys embryos in vitro is both strain and medium dependent and that glutamine may play a crucial role in early development of mastomys embryos.

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“…This bull-to-bull variation in in vitro fertilization (IVF) could be caused by seminal plasma factors (Henault and Killian, 1995) but it might also be that it is the reflection of the population of spermatozoa with fertihing capacity in the ejaculate (Shamsuddin et al, 1996) (which again might be related to seminal plasma factors). Since the maintenance of the fertilizing life of bull sperm in the oviduct is 24 to 48 hours (Betteridge, 1995), we will add a lot of sperm which is either worn out or not able to fertilize yet in vitro. Using lower sperm numbers decreases fertilization rates, but alternative solutions can be the use of a short spermoocyte coincubation period (Long et al, 1994) or the addition of oviductal cells to the fertilization medium, thus creating an artificial sperm reservoir in vitro (Chian and Sirard, 1995).…”

Section: Fertilization In Vitrumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During its descent, oviductal glycoproteins are added to the zona pellucida and the perivitteline space. These glycoproteins might have a triple function as stated in an excellent review of Betteridge (1995): the first is protection, because the bulky oligosaccharide side chains make the embryo more resistant against proteases (Duby et al, 1997;Van Soom et al, 1997a). Second they might facilitate oviductal transport through a charge repulsion effect and besides this, they might affect embryogenesis directly, as shown recently in a study in sheep by Hill et al (1996).…”

Section: Embryogenesis In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%