Phylogeography of six codistributed New Zealand cicadas and their relationship to multiple biogeographical boundaries suggest a re‐evaluation of the Taupo Line

Ellis, Emily A.; Marshall, David C.; Hill, Kathy B. R.; Owen, Christopher L.; Kamp, Peter J.J.; Simon, Chris

doi:10.1111/jbi.12532

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In the absence of fossil records or other reliable calibration points, we estimated the divergence times of Tettigades clades and Hodgkinia splits using previously published estimates of the rate of evolution of the COI gene in insects (26,27) and Australasian cicadas (28,29), corresponding to 0.011 to 0.012 substitutions per base per million years. The average uncorrected pairwise genetic distance between T. ulnaria and cicadas from all other Tettigades clades was 0.0953 (SD 0.0089), corresponding to a divergence time of 4.14 ± 0.39 Mya.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S2), except that we collapsed nodes between species groups. The runs were calibrated using the conserved estimate of the divergence time for the TETULN-TETCHI node (5 to 3 Mya); they were based on the average pairwise divergence of the full-length COI gene between TETULN and other Tettigades specimens, and on previously published estimates of COI evolution rate for insects and cicadas (26,28,29). Three independent PhyloBayes runs, with 15,000 generations and 5,000generation burn-in, were run for each gene set.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple origins of interdependent endosymbiotic complexes in a genus of cicadas

Łukasik

Nazario

Leuven

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Bacterial endosymbionts that provide nutrients to hosts often have genomes that are extremely stable in structure and gene content. In contrast, the genome of the endosymbiont has fractured into multiple distinct lineages in some species of the cicada genus To better understand the frequency, timing, and outcomes of lineage splitting throughout this cicada genus, we sampled cicadas over three field seasons in Chile and performed genomics and microscopy on representative samples. We found that a single ancestral lineage has split at least six independent times in over the last 4 million years, resulting in complexes of between two and six distinct lineages per host. Individual genomes in these symbiotic complexes differ dramatically in relative abundance, genome size, organization, and gene content. Each lineage retains a small set of core genes involved in genetic information processing, but the high level of gene loss experienced by all genomes suggests that extensive sharing of gene products among symbiont cells must occur. In total, complexes that consist of multiple lineages encode nearly complete sets of genes present on the ancestral single lineage and presumably perform the same functions as symbionts that have not undergone splitting. However, differences in the timing of the splits, along with dissimilar gene loss patterns on the resulting genomes, have led to very different outcomes of lineage splitting in extant cicadas.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple origins of interdependent endosymbiotic complexes in a genus of cicadas

Łukasik

Nazario

Leuven

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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150

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“…Nucleotide (π) and haplotype ( H ) diversity were calculated for each species and for the following three geographic partitions, shown in Fig. : (1) North Island versus South Island, (2) either side of Cockayne's line in the North Island ( sensu Ellis et al ., but continuing down the axial ranges in the southern North Island), (3) the five regions proposed by Wardle based on vascular plant species endemism, with regions 1, 3 and 5 suggested to have encompassed substantial lowland forest refugia (Wardle, ). These analyses were performed with Arlequin 3.5.1.2 (Excoffier & Lischer, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast phylogeography of New Zealand Sophora trees (Fabaceae): extensive hybridization and widespread Last Glacial Maximum survival

Shepherd

Lange²,

Perrie

et al. 2017

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim To date, there have been few studies investigating the phylogeography of forest trees that are widely distributed in New Zealand. Our main objective was to examine the phylogeographic distribution of chloroplast DNA from New Zealand Sophora trees with respect to known biogeographical regions, proposed refugia and species boundaries. A second objective was to investigate the origins of the southern and Chatham Island populations of Sophora chathamica, which have been proposed to derive from Māori translocation. Location The New Zealand archipelago coastal and lowland forests. Methods We sequenced the chloroplast trnQ5′‐rps16 intergenic spacer from 416 samples of Sophora, representing all of the New Zealand species. A median‐joining network was used to analyse haplotype relationships. Phylogeographic structuring was assessed with GST and NST calculations and spatial analysis of molecular variance (SAMOVA). Analyses of molecular variance were used to test partitioning schemes including species divisions and proposed biogeographical boundaries. Results A total of 22 haplotypes were recovered. Moderate genetic differentiation was detected and it had a phylogeographic component but no higher level groupings were found with a SAMOVA. Very little of the chloroplast variation was partitioned by species boundaries or geography. Haplotype diversity decreased from north to south but was not higher in proposed major lowland forest glacial refugia. Populations of Sophora chathamica suggested to derive from Māori translocations contained a haplotype not detected from the proposed natural range of the species. Main conclusions Sophora survived the Last Glacial Maximum in widespread populations throughout much of the country, although our data did not provide evidence for survival in the southern South Island. Chloroplast sharing among New Zealand Sophora species likely results from hybridization and introgression. Our results indicate that the occurrence of S. chathamica in the southern North Island, northern South Island and Chatham Islands is likely to be natural, although the planting by Māori of some of the individuals in the southern North Island and Chatham Islands cannot be excluded.

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“…In such landscapes, similarity between species may be apparent at different spatial scales, from phylogeographic breaks and divergence times shared between lineages (Ellis et al, 2015;Moritz et al, 2009;Oswald et al, 2017;Rissler & Smith, 2010) to spatial or temporal dynamics of individual geographic lineages (Prates et al, 2016;Thomaz & Knowles, 2020). While patterns of turnover between lineages have been described for many systems, the spatial dynamics within the regions delimited by these breaks are typically less scrutinized.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…It depends. Species subject to similar environmental conditions in the same space may (Moritz et al, 2009;Salces-Castellano et al, 2019) or may not (Ellis et al, 2015;Marske et al, 2012) share lineage boundaries, depending on the structure of the landscape.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dispersal barriers and opportunities drive multiple levels of phylogeographic concordance in the Southern Alps of New Zealand

2020

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Phylogeography of six codistributed New Zealand cicadas and their relationship to multiple biogeographical boundaries suggest a re‐evaluation of the Taupo Line

Cited by 20 publications

References 60 publications

Multiple origins of interdependent endosymbiotic complexes in a genus of cicadas

Multiple origins of interdependent endosymbiotic complexes in a genus of cicadas

Chloroplast phylogeography of New Zealand Sophora trees (Fabaceae): extensive hybridization and widespread Last Glacial Maximum survival

Dispersal barriers and opportunities drive multiple levels of phylogeographic concordance in the Southern Alps of New Zealand

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