Phylogeography of the cosmopolitan fungus Aspergillus flavus: is everything everywhere?

Ramírez‐Camejo, Luis A.; Zuluaga-Montero, Anabella; Lázaro-Escudero, María T.; Hernández-Kendall, Verónica; Bayman, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2012.01.006

Cited by 56 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…An exception to this rule is Aspergillus fumigatus, which has very small (2-3 µm), wind-dispersed conidia. This special case is hypothesized to possibly arise from human influence, especially through environmental impact, which has created ideal habitats for the fungus [58,59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Everywhere? Phylogeographic Analysis of the Globally Distributed Tree Pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae

Mehl

Wingfield

Roux

et al. 2017

Forests

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Fungi in the Botryosphaeriaceae are important plant pathogens that persist endophytically in infected plant hosts. Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a prominent species in this family that infects numerous plants in tropical and subtropical areas. We characterized a collection of 255 isolates of L. theobromae from 52 plants and from many parts of the world to determine the global genetic structure and a possible origin of the fungus using sequence data from four nuclear loci. One to two dominant haplotypes emerged across all loci, none of which could be associated with geography or host; and no other population structure or subdivision was observed. The data also did not reveal a clear region of origin of the fungus. This global collection of L. theobromae thus appears to constitute a highly connected population. The most likely explanation for this is the human-mediated movement of plant material infected by this fungus over a long period of time. These data, together with related studies on other Botryosphaeriaceae, highlight the inability of quarantine systems to reduce the spread of pathogens with a prolonged latent phase.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Everywhere? Phylogeographic Analysis of the Globally Distributed Tree Pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae

Mehl

Wingfield

Roux

et al. 2017

Forests

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“…We used the rolling assay instead of ingestion or injection methods because it is reliable, repeatable, a more natural form of infection, and less laborious 13 . An isolate of A. flavus previously shown to be highly virulent on Drosophila was used (ABPMA1) 13,20 . Flies were shaken in a plate culture containing a lawn of A. flavus conidia for ~ 1 min (Fig.…”

Section: Infection With Aspergillus Flavusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, although the mortality rate for IA has decreased from >90% to <50%, this is still unacceptably high, and resistance to antifungals is increasing 18,19 . The ubiquity of A. flavus conidia 20,21 means that exposure to inoculum cannot be eliminated. A previous study showed that A. flavus isolates from different substrates are capable of virulence during infection in the model organism D. melanogaster 13 it appears that any environmental strain is a potential pathogen in a susceptible host 20,22 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The ubiquity of A. flavus conidia 20,21 means that exposure to inoculum cannot be eliminated. A previous study showed that A. flavus isolates from different substrates are capable of virulence during infection in the model organism D. melanogaster 13 it appears that any environmental strain is a potential pathogen in a susceptible host 20,22 . New approaches to prevent and treat aspergillosis are needed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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2017

IJPSR

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ABSTRACT:Probiotics have been used to protect hosts from pathogens of gastrointestinal and reproductive systems, but their ability to protect against systemic pathogens is largely unexplored. In this study we ask whether orally administered bacteria and yeasts can protect Drosophila melanogaster against the opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus flavus. Flies were fed an artificial diet mixed with live microorganisms for one day prior to infection with A. flavus, and mortality was recorded every day for 8 days. Seven microorganisms were tested; of these, Bacillus cereus (ATCC 13061), Candida inconspicua, Issatchenkia hanoiensis, and Klebsiella sp. significantly decreased mortality of flies subsequently infected with A. flavus compared to controls infected with A. flavus alone. Heat-killed microorganisms did not protect flies, suggesting that the probiotic effect observed was not caused by improved nutrition. D. melanogaster is a good model organism to study microbial interactions with hosts and test the effects of potential probiotics against pathogens.

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“…carbonarius, A. ochraceus, Penicillium verrucosum, P. expansum, and P. citrinum) in foodstuffs and feedstuffs raises a potential risk of production of mycotoxins (e.g. aflatoxins, cyclopiazonic acid, ochratoxin A and citrinin) that have a major impact on human and animal health (Pitt 2000;Ramírez-Camejo et al 2012;Ostry 2013). In particular, aflatoxins are among the most important mycotoxins that contaminate food and feed ingredients (Klich 2007;Wu 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid diagnostic testing of toxigenic microfungi isolated from foodstuffs

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to experimentally test chromogenic media and reagents for a rapid diagnosis of toxigenic microfungi Aspergillus flavus, A. carbonarius, A. ochraceus, Penicillium expansum, P. verrucosum, and P. citrinum isolated from foodstuffs. Toxigenic microfungi of Aspergillus and Penicillium species are considered to be of major relevance for human and animal health. The presence of these toxigenic microfungi in foodstuffs and feedstuffs raises a potential risk of mycotoxins (for example presence of aflatoxins, cyclopiazonic acid, ochratoxin A, patulin or citrinin). In order to reduce the risks for consumers' health, it is necessary to set rapid methods for toxigenic microfungi isolated from foodstuffs and also feedstuffs. Application of chromogenic media and reagents presents one of the possibilities. The selected strains of toxigenic microfungi, producing mycotoxins, were tested on chromogenic media. The chromogenic media and reagents in our study are suitable for a microbiological and mycological laboratory. The benefits of chromogenic media and reagents include a rapid diagnosis within 48-72 h, simple preparation, easy availability and relatively low prices.

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Phylogeography of the cosmopolitan fungus Aspergillus flavus: is everything everywhere?

Cited by 56 publications

References 54 publications

Invasive Everywhere? Phylogeographic Analysis of the Globally Distributed Tree Pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae

Invasive Everywhere? Phylogeographic Analysis of the Globally Distributed Tree Pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae

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Rapid diagnostic testing of toxigenic microfungi isolated from foodstuffs

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