Physical activity and depression: Towards understanding the antidepressant mechanisms of physical activity

Kandola, Aaron; Ashdown-Franks, Garcia; Hendrikse, Joshua; Sabiston, Catherine M.; Stubbs, Brendon

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.040

Cited by 741 publications

(568 citation statements)

References 241 publications

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“…The finding that satisfaction is related to depressive symptoms regardless of activity category is a major strength of this study. Previous studies have suggested several mechanisms by which engaging in physical and social activities can positively affect depressive symptoms [46,47]. Reviews regarding the antidepressant mechanisms of physical activity have described biological effects on neuroplasticity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endocrine systems and psychosocial effects on self-esteem, social support, and self-efficacy, but it is unclear which mechanism has the most sufficient evidence [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have suggested several mechanisms by which engaging in physical and social activities can positively affect depressive symptoms [46,47]. Reviews regarding the antidepressant mechanisms of physical activity have described biological effects on neuroplasticity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endocrine systems and psychosocial effects on self-esteem, social support, and self-efficacy, but it is unclear which mechanism has the most sufficient evidence [46]. Social activities have protective effects against depression including the stimulation of multiple bodily systems, development of coping strategies that may reduce the risk of depression, and reinforcement of an individual's attachment to other psychosocial resources [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between Depressive Symptoms and Satisfaction with Meaningful Activities in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults

Maruta

Makizako

Ikeda

et al. 2020

JCM

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The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate relationships between individuals' ratings of satisfaction and performance of activities that they found meaningful and depressive symptoms. Data was obtained from 806 older adults (mean age 74.9 ± 6.3 years, women = 63.0%) who participated in a community-based health check survey (Tarumizu Study 2018). Participants selected meaningful activities from 95 activities using the Aid for Decision-Making in Occupation Choice and evaluated their satisfaction and performance. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and defined by a GDS-15 score of ≥5. Non-linear logistic regression analyses were used separately by gender to examine the association between satisfaction and performance of meaningful activities and depressive symptoms. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 15.8%. We found no significant difference between meaningful activity choice between older adults with depressive symptoms and those without, in both men and women. After adjusting for potential covariates, satisfaction was associated with depressive symptoms in both men (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.35-0.77) and women (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49-0.91), but performance was limited in women (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77-0.99). Our findings suggest that depressive symptoms are associated with satisfaction in meaningful activities regardless of activity categories.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Depressive Symptoms and Satisfaction with Meaningful Activities in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults

Maruta

Makizako

Ikeda

et al. 2020

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The level of total PA per week would imply higher levels of vigor in students, while vigor would positively in uence academic results and SWL levels and negatively in uence the deterioration of MH. With few exceptions [61], the PA-vigor positive relationship (mainly the physical aspect of vigor) has been veri ed in different studies [62][63][64][65][66]. Vigor in university students derived from performing PA is characterized by a combination of moderate amounts of arousal and pleasure [67,68], affective experiences that have also been associated with physical exercise [69].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Shirom-Melamed Vigor Measure for students and how vigor relates to academic performance, mental health and satisfaction with life: Factorial analysis and construct validity in Spanish undergraduate university students

Pulido-Martos

Cortés-Denia

Rosa-Blanca

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Students suffer from a decrease in physical activity during their education period. This lower level of activity could affect, through various paths, their academic performance, mental health and satisfaction with life. In this study, we assume that vigor, a positive affect variable, would act as a mediating variable in the above relationship, and thus, we propose an instrument for evaluating vigor in academic contexts. To attain this aim, the factorial validity and reliability of the proposed vigor scale for students is tested (Study 1), along with its construct validity (Study 2). Methods In Study 1, 707 undergraduates (59.7% women) responded to the vigor scale adapted for students to test factorial validation (through confirmatory factor analysis) and obtain reliability indicators. In Study 2, 309 undergraduates (55.3% women) completed a questionnaire measuring physical activity, mental health, satisfaction with life, vigor and academic performance to test a structural model of the relationships between the variables to obtain construct validity. Results A measurement model with three related factors, each representing one dimension of vigor, optimally fit the data (S-Bχ2 = 231.54; df = 50; CFI = 0.95; NNFI = 0.93; SRMR = 0.07; RMSEA = 0.07 [0.06–0.08]), and the reliability indices were adequate (Study 1). In Study 2, the mediational model confirmed a complete influence of physical activity on satisfaction with life, academic performance and mental health levels through the levels of vigor of the students, with optimal adjusting values (S-Bχ2 = 108.82; df = 62; p < 0.001; CFI = 0.92; NNFI = 0.90; SRMR = 0.05; RMSEA = 0.05 [0.03–0.06]). Conclusions Proposing an instrument such as the Shirom-Melamed Vigor Measure for students allows the opening of a research venue that is focused on the study of positive affects in academic contexts, as well as the testing of the physical activity pathways of action in obtaining positive results.

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“…A recent review paper [49] highlights the physiological basis for the observed bene cial effects of exercises on mental health. The review highlights that aerobic exercise could increase the size and function of important brain regions, such as the hippocampus, and thus may improve the brain control responses to stress, reduce in ammation, and increase resistance to oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Exercise Training on Mental Health, Physical Activity Level and Social Participation in People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ibeneme¹,

Uwakwe²,

Myezwa³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Exercise training may increase physical activity(PA) level, improve social participation and mental health in people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA). Thus, a systematic review was conducted to answer the review question: what is the effectiveness of physical exercise training on mental health, physical activity level and social participation in PLWHA? Method: Eight databases namely: PubMed, Emcare, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, AMED, PsycoINFO and MEDLINE – were systematically searched from 1990 till August 2019. This review includes only studies published in English language, on adults (>18years) and are either on HAART/HAART-naïve; only RCTs that gave exercise intervention and assessed mental health, physical activity level and social participation on HIV/AIDS patients. The primary outcomes were mental health, PA level and social participation, while the secondary outcomes included psychological disorders. Results: Meta-analysis of the five (out of seven) included studies for depression that met the inclusion criteria (n=346 participants) comprising males/females aged≥18 years, show a significant overall effect (SMD=-0.89,[95%CI:-1.77,-0.01],Z=1.97,p=0.05) of exercise compared to the control group at post-intervention. However, statistical heterogeneity was high (I2=91%,X2=53.14,df=5,p<0.00001). The removal of two papers during sensitivity analysis for missing data/baseline differences showed a large significant effect (SMD=-1.01,[95%CI:-1.45,-0.57],Z=4.48,p=<0.00001). The statistical heterogeneity was low (I2=39%,X2=4.94,df=3,p=0.18). The results demonstrate a significant trend towards a decrease in depressive symptoms for participants in the exercise compared to no exercise group; aerobic exercise compared to normal routine activity group; aerobic and resistance exercise compared to other control groups. Narrative synthesis demonstrates the beneficial effects of exercise training on outcome measures: anxiety and cognitive function, apart from other psychological benefits. There was limited and no RCTs on the effects of exercise on physical activity level and social participation, respectively.Conclusion: Combined exercise (Aerobic exercise+Strength training; 80mins/session; 3X/week for 12weeks.) + routine counselling OR Aerobic exercise training+counselling 40mins per session; 3X/week for 6weeks OR Combined exercise: Aerobic and Resistance exercise training 50mins/session; 2X/week for 6weeks OR Combined exercise: Aerobic and Resistance exercise training 60mins/session; 3X/week for 24weeks OR Aerobic exercise training 60mins per session; 3X per week for 12weeks may improve mood disorders while therapeutic exercise(2X per week for 6weeks) may improve psychological wellbeing.

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Physical activity and depression: Towards understanding the antidepressant mechanisms of physical activity

Cited by 741 publications

References 241 publications

Associations between Depressive Symptoms and Satisfaction with Meaningful Activities in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults

Associations between Depressive Symptoms and Satisfaction with Meaningful Activities in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults

The Shirom-Melamed Vigor Measure for students and how vigor relates to academic performance, mental health and satisfaction with life: Factorial analysis and construct validity in Spanish undergraduate university students

Effectiveness of Exercise Training on Mental Health, Physical Activity Level and Social Participation in People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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