Physical activity and long-term prognosis in patients with stable coronary artery disease: How often, how intense, and how long?

Shimada, Kazunori; Nishitani-Yokoyma, Miho; Takahashi, Toshio; Daida, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1177/2047487319881238

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is important to highlight that SARC-F includes questions related to muscle strength and function—not including muscle mass measures. In the “hierarchy of loss in physical function”, a decline in muscle strength and function is first observed, leading to a decline in muscle mass [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARC-F Is a Predictor of Longer LOS and Hospital Readmission in Hospitalized Patients after a Cardiovascular Event

et al. 2022

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It is already established that sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes; however, few studies have focused on patients who have suffered an acute cardiovascular event. The use of SARC-F, a 5-item sarcopenia screening questionnaire, in these patients remains to be investigated. We aimed to investigate whether SARC-F can predict adverse outcomes in patients admitted to a hospital with a suspected infarction. This is a 1-year prospective cohort study. During hospitalization, patients completed the SARC-F questionnaire (scores ≥ 4 considered positive for the risk of sarcopenia). Length of hospital stay (LOS), new hospital admission, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular mortality were collected via medical records and phone interviews. In total, 180 patients were evaluated. The median age was 60.6 years; 72.3% of the participants were men, and half of the sample had comorbidities. The median SARC-F score was 1.0 (interquartile range, 0–3.0), and 21.1% of the participants screened positive. Risk of sarcopenia was independently associated with longer LOS (odds ratio, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.09–5.04; p = 0.030) and hospital readmission (odds ratio, 3.73; 95% CI, 1.60–8.69; p = 0.002). One-fifth of post-acute cardiovascular event patients in this cohort screened positive for sarcopenia using the SARC-F screening questionnaire. Positive scores were associated with a longer LOS and hospital readmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARC-F Is a Predictor of Longer LOS and Hospital Readmission in Hospitalized Patients after a Cardiovascular Event

et al. 2022

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“…By addressing in ammation, endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, plaque rupture, and thrombosis, regular physical activity can signi cantly reduce the risk of CAD and improve overall cardiovascular outcomes. Encouraging regular physical activity through public health initiatives and individual behavior modi cation is essential for mitigating the burden of CAD [33,34,119].…”

Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental factors in the development of Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis

Siddiqui,

Ahmad,

Khan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objective: This study aims to comprehensively investigate the role of environmental factors—diet, physical activity, tobacco smoke, air pollution, psychosocial factors, occupational exposures, noise pollution, climate factors, urbanization, and socioeconomic status—in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) poses a significant global health challenge influenced by a complex interplay of environmental, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors. These factors contribute to inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, plaque rupture, and thrombosis, underscoring the need for a holistic understanding to inform effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. Methods: A systematic review was conducted across PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and various journals to identify relevant studies on environmental factors and CAD. The search encompassed articles without date restrictions, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Studies exploring causal links between environmental factors and CAD pathophysiology were included, with data synthesized to elucidate key mechanisms and relationships. Results: The investigation highlights complex connections between environmental factors and CAD pathophysiology. Diets high in saturated fats and sugars exacerbate inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, while diets rich in antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids mitigate these effects. Physical activity enhances endothelial function and reduces inflammation markers, promoting plaque stability. Tobacco smoke and air pollution are linked to increased inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and plaque instability. Psychosocial stressors, occupational exposures, noise pollution, climate variations, urbanization, and lower socioeconomic status similarly contribute to CAD progression through diverse mechanisms. Conclusion: This study underscores the multifaceted impact of diet, physical activity, tobacco smoke, air pollution, psychosocial factors, occupational exposures, noise pollution, climate factors, urbanization, and socioeconomic status on CAD pathogenesis. Understanding these causal links is critical for developing comprehensive strategies to mitigate CAD risk and improve cardiovascular outcomes globally. Integrated public health initiatives and targeted policy interventions addressing these factors are essential for effective CAD prevention and management.

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“…Aerobic exercise therapy aimed to improve physical exercise function is the core program of a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation 20) 21) . Regular aerobic exercise is strongly recommended to improve exercise tolerance and symptoms in patients presenting with heart failure and to prevent readmission of those with reduced ejection fraction 22) . Yokoyama et al examined the effect of physical activity on coronary artery plaque volume in patients with acute coronary syndromes 23) and found a reduced coronary artery plaque volume and lipid content in patients with acute coronary syndromes who actively participated in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation and showed high levels of physical activity.…”

Section: Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%