Physical activity and risk of chronic kidney disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 cohort studies involving 1,281,727 participants

Abstract

The role of regular physical activity in preventing vascular and non-vascular disease is well established. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major cause of global morbidity and mortality and largely preventable, but it is uncertain if regular physical activity can reduce the risk of CKD. Using a systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational cohort studies in the general population, we sought to assess the association between physical activity and CKD risk. Relevant studies with at least one-year of follow-up were sought from inception until 02 May 2022 in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and manual search of relevant articles. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the maximum versus the minimal amount of physical activity groups were pooled using random effects meta-analysis. The quality of the evidence was evaluated using the GRADE tool. A total of 12 observational cohort studies comprising 1,281,727 participants and 66,217 CKD events were eligible for the analysis. The pooled multivariable-adjusted RR (95% CI) of CKD comparing the most versus the least physically active groups was 0.91 (0.85–0.97). The association was consistent across several study level subgroups. Exclusion of any single study at a time from the meta-analysis did not change the direction or significance of the association. There was no evidence of small study effects among contributing studies. The GRADE quality of the evidence was low. In the general population, individuals who are most physically active have a lowered risk of CKD compared to those who are not or least physically active. CRD42022327640.

Impaired kidney function among young healthcare workers with long working hours and night work

“…It is shown that short sleep time and poor sleep quality may have a direct effect on CKD through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and sympathetic nervous system activation (19)(20)(21). Additionally, low physical activity and prolonged sedentary time may increase the risk of CKD by increasing insulin and vascular resistance (22)(23)(24). Moreover, longer working hours are strongly linked with increased psychosocial stress among employees (25), and higher levels of psychosocial distress with a faster decline in kidney function (26).…”

Association between alcohol consumption and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease in community-dwelling older adults: a Korean nationwide population-based senior cohort study

“…A healthy lifestyle is an important way to improve the quality of life and prevent various chronic diseases, including CKD. Although lifestyle behaviours, such as physical activity, speci c dietary patterns, and smoking, are known to be associated with the development of CKD [20][21][22], the in uence of alcohol intake on the risk of developing CKD is inconsistent in the general population [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Furthermore, only two studies have investigated the association between alcohol consumption and renal function decline in older adults [23,24].…”

A Dose-Dependent Association between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Proteinuria and Low Glomerular Filtration Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

“…Chronic kidney disease (CKD) characterized by proteinuria and low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) [ 1 ] is a major global health problem [ 2 ] and an enormous economic burden [ 3 ], because patients with CKD are at higher risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) [ 4 ], cardiovascular disease (CVD) [ 5 , 6 ], and all-cause mortality [ 6 ]. Multiple studies have identified modifiable lifestyle factors as risk factors for incidence of CKD, including smoking [ 7 ], physical inactivity [ 8 , 9 ], sedentary behavior [ 10 ], short sleep duration [ 11 , 12 ], and unhealthy dietary behaviors, including poor dietary patterns [ 13 ], breakfast skipping [ 14 ], and low vegetable consumption [ 15 , 16 ]. To establish an effective CKD prevention strategy, the association between the modifiable lifestyle factors and CKD should be clarified extensively.…”