Physical Activity and Risk of Colon and Rectal Cancers: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Friedenreich, Christine M.; Norat, Teresa; Steindorf, Karen; Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine; Pischon, Tobias; Mazuir, Mathieu; Clavel‐Chapelon, Françoise; Linseisen, Jakob; Boeing, Heiner; Bergman, Manuela; Johnsen, Nina Føns; Tjønneland, Anne; Overvad, Kim; Mendez, Michelle A.; Quiŕos, J. Ramón; Martínez, Carmen; Dorronsoro, Miren; Navarro, Carmen; Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte; Bingham, Sheila; Khaw, Kay Tee; Allen, Naomi E.; Key, Tim; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Orfanou, Natassa; Krogh, Vittorio; Palli, Domenico; Tumino, Rosario; Panico, Salvatore; Víneis, Paolo; Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. Bas; Peeters, Petra H.M.; Monninkhof, Evelyn M.; Berglund, Göran; Manjer, Jonas; Ferrari, Pietro; Slimani, Nadia; Kaaks, Rudolf; Riboli, Elio

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-06-0595

Cited by 197 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

150

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The results indicate that frequent physical activity at a relatively high intensity level, here categorized as moderate, may reduce the risk of colon cancer. Similar observations have been reported by Friedenreich and colleagues in a large cohort study from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (11). They therefore suggest daily activity for at least one hour with intensity at a vigorous level to prevent cancer, which should fit well with the activity pattern in most ball disciplines.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Friedenreich and colleagues discuss the most beneficial type, dose and timing of activity for breast cancer risk. They observed the greatest risk reductions at vigorous intensity levels of recreational activity and conclude that lifetime activity is of major importance (11). Based on their statements, we should at the present expect reduced risk of breast cancer in the females at the high level of lifetime activity as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cancer risk in Norwegian world class athletes

Robsahm

Hestvik

Veierød

et al. 2010

Cancer Causes Control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cancer risk in Norwegian world class athletes

Robsahm

Hestvik

Veierød

et al. 2010

Cancer Causes Control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Few cohort studies of physical activity and colon cancer have conducted analyses stratified by tumor sub-site [6,12,13,[16][17][18][32][33][34]36,37,48,49], with those that did yielding conflicting results. Some studies reported stronger inverse findings for the proximal colon [12,16,17,33,48], while others observed stronger inverse associations for distal colon sites [6,13,18,36,37]. Observed differences may be due to varying etiologies between tumors of the proximal and distal colon [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results of the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study showed that job-related as well as total and moderate leisure-time physical activity were associated with a significant reduction of rectal cancer risk in men only [51]. In contrast, several cohort studies [12,17,33] have failed to detect an association between physical activity and rectal cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and the risk of colon and rectal cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

Howard

Freedman

Park

et al. 2008

Cancer Causes Control

202

166

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-In order to prospectively investigate physical activity at varying intensities and sedentary behavior in relation to colorectal cancer.Methods-We considered 488,720 participants of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study who were aged 50-71 years at baseline in 1995-1996. Through 31 December, 2003, we identified 3,240 and 1,482 colorectal cancers among men and women, respectively. We estimated multivariable relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of colorectal cancer using Cox regression.Results-Engaging in exercise/sports five or more times per week compared to never or rarely exercising was associated with a reduced risk of colon cancer among men (p=0.001; RR=0.79, 95% CI=0.68-0.91) and a suggestive decrease in risk among women (p=0.376; RR=0.85, 95% CI=0.70-1.04). Engaging in exercise/sports was also associated with a decreased risk of rectal cancer in men (P=0.074; RR comparing extreme categories=0.76, 95% CI=0.61-0.94). In men, we observed inverse relations of both low intensity (p=0.017; RR=0.81, 95% CI=0.65-1.00 for ≥7 h/week) and moderate to vigorous intensity activity (p=0.037; RR=0.82, 95% CI=0.67-0.99 for =7 h/week) to colon cancer risk. In contrast, sedentary behavior (time spent watching television/videos) was positively associated with colon cancer (p<0.001; RR=1.61, 95% CI=1.14-2.27 for ≥9 h/day) among men. Similar, but less pronounced relations were observed in women.Conclusion-Engaging in physical activity of any intensity is associated with reductions in colon and rectal cancer risk. Conversely, time spent sedentary is associated with increased colon cancer risk.

show abstract

“…Factors that have been shown to increase risk of colon cancer include disturbances in energy balance (e.g., physical inactivity and/or obesity) (3)(4)(5), high intake of red or processed meat (6), low folate intake, high alcohol intake, and cigarette smoking (7). In addition, aspirin use (8)(9)(10) and postmenopausal hormone use (11) have also been shown to reduce a woman's risk of colon cancer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative Risk of Colon Cancer up to Age 70 Years by Risk Factor Status Using Data From the Nurses' Health Study

Wei¹,

Colditz²,

Giovannucci³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Epidemiology

121

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The authors developed a comprehensive model of colon cancer incidence that allows for nonproportional hazards and accounts for the temporal nature of risk factors. They estimated relative risk based on cumulative incidence of colon cancer by age 70 years. Using multivariate, nonlinear Poisson regression, they determined colon cancer risk among 83,767 participants in the Nurses' Health Study. The authors observed 701 cases of colon cancer between 1980 and June 1, 2004. There was increased risk for a positive family history of colon or rectal cancer (55%), 10 or more pack-years of cigarette smoking before age 30 years (16%), and tallness (67 inches (170 cm) vs. 61 inches (155 cm): 19%). Reduced risk was observed for current postmenopausal hormone use (À23%), being physically active (21 metabolic equivalent (MET)-hours/week vs. 2 MET-hours/week: À49%), taking aspirin (7 tablets/week vs. none: À29%), and being screened (À24%). Women who smoked, had a consistently high relative weight, had a low physical activity level, consumed red or processed meat daily, were never screened, and consumed low daily amounts of folate had almost a 4-fold higher cumulative risk of colon cancer by age 70 years. For women with a high risk factor profile, adopting a healthier lifestyle could dramatically reduce colon cancer risk. colonic neoplasms; incidence; risk; risk factors; women Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; MET, metabolic equivalent; ROC, receiver operating characteristic; RR, relative risk; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.The influence of many risk factors for colon cancer often varies depending on when they occur, both in relation to age and in relation to other exposures. The dependence of the effects of risk factors on age or on other exposures implies a violation of the standard Cox proportional hazards model and requires a different modeling approach in order to incorporate all risk factors in a single model. The use of biomathematical models, of which the logincidence model is an example, to describe human cancer incidence evolved from hypotheses regarding the transformation of cells from normal cells to malignant cells and are particularly suited to the adenoma-carcinoma model of colon cancer (1, 2).Factors that have been shown to increase risk of colon cancer include disturbances in energy balance (e.g., physical inactivity and/or obesity) (3-5), high intake of red or processed meat (6), low folate intake, high alcohol intake, and cigarette smoking (7). In addition, aspirin use (8-10) and postmenopausal hormone use (11) have also been shown to reduce a woman's risk of colon cancer. However, most previous studies evaluating the role of these risk factors have focused on them individually. Our aim was the development of a comprehensive model that combines known risk factors for colon cancer and allows modeling of different risk factor profiles. The nonlinear model we developed allows for relative risk estimates based

show abstract

Physical Activity and Risk of Colon and Rectal Cancers: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Cited by 197 publications

References 71 publications

Cancer risk in Norwegian world class athletes

Cancer risk in Norwegian world class athletes

Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and the risk of colon and rectal cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

Cumulative Risk of Colon Cancer up to Age 70 Years by Risk Factor Status Using Data From the Nurses' Health Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About