Physical Activity Beliefs and Behaviors during Pregnancy and their Association with Provider Counseling among Women in the Southern United States

Abstract

Background: Physical inactivity, obesity, and chronic disease rates during pregnancy are strikingly high in the Southern United States. The present study examined sociodemographic factors related to the beliefs and behaviors of women in the South regarding physical activity (PA) during pregnancy and whether women›s beliefs and behaviors during pregnancy were associated with provider counseling.Methods: A sample of 292 women in the South completed an online survey. Participants provided sociodemographic data and recalled health beliefs and PA from their recent pregnancy. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were used to describe and assess relationships between variables. Linear regressions examined the association between women's beliefs and behaviors during pregnancy and provider counseling while controlling for sociodemographic factors.Results: There was large agreement among the sample. Feeling tired and lacking motivation were the main barriers to PA, and improved health was the primary benefit. Participants felt most susceptible to anxiety and depression. Providers were the leading source of support for PA, although provider counseling was not significantly correlated with increased PA. Participants engaged primarily in light household and caregiving activities. Sociodemographic factors had a stronger association with beliefs and behaviors than provider counseling. Conclusion:Participants viewed PA as beneficial; however, they had specific barriers to exercise during pregnancy and did not perceive themselves as susceptible to common health conditions. Participants looked to providers as their primary support for PA, although provider counseling appears ineffective. Providers should encourage patients to be active using established counseling techniques such as motivational interviewing to support PA.