Physical activity, body size and composition, and risk of ovarian cancer

Chionh, Fiona; Baglietto, Laura; Krishnan, Kavitha; English, Dallas R.; MacInnis, Robert J.; Gertig, Dorota M.; Hopper, John L.; Giles, Graham G.

doi:10.1007/s10552-010-9638-y

Cited by 39 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…In fact, prospective studies have yielded data suggesting a significant positive association between vigorous physical activity and EOC risk (9, 69, 70). While there is biological plausibility for a positive association between excessive vigorous exercise and increased EOC risk by way of impaired immune function (44) and exercise-induced increases in gonadotropin and androgen secretion (70), researchers have cautioned that observations of a direct association between activity and EOC risk could be due to chance (69), small cell sizes (69) and detection bias (10, 69). Importantly, non-differential misclassification of self-reported physical activity parameterized in more than two categories can result in biased estimates away from the null (67).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Recreational Physical Inactivity and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk: Evidence from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

Cannioto

LaMonte

Risch

et al. 2016

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background Despite a large body of literature evaluating the association between recreational physical activity and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk, the extant evidence is inconclusive and little is known about the independent association between recreational physical inactivity and EOC risk. We conducted a pooled analysis of nine studies from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) to investigate the association between chronic recreational physical inactivity and EOC risk. Methods In accordance with the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, women reporting no regular, weekly recreational physical activity were classified as inactive. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between inactivity and EOC risk overall and by subgroups based upon histotype, menopausal status, race and body mass index (BMI). Results The current analysis included data from 8,309 EOC patients and 12,612 controls. We observed a significant positive association between inactivity and EOC risk (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.14-1.57) and similar associations were observed for each histotype. Conclusions In this large pooled analysis examining the association between recreational physical inactivity and EOC risk, we observed consistent evidence of an association between chronic inactivity and all EOC histotypes. Impact These data add to the growing body of evidence suggesting that inactivity is an independent risk factor for cancer. If the apparent association between inactivity and EOC risk is substantiated, additional work via targeted interventions should be pursued to characterize the dose of activity required to mitigate the risk of this highly fatal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Recreational Physical Inactivity and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk: Evidence from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

Cannioto

LaMonte

Risch

et al. 2016

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…To date, 29 epidemiological studies have investigated physical activity and OC risk, including fourteen prospective cohort studies 272-285 , two historical cohort studies 286,287 , ten population-based case-control studies 252,288-296 and three hospital-based case-control studies 297-299 . Results are not entirely consistent, but a 2007 meta-analysis estimated a nearly 20% lower risk for the most active women compared to the least active (pooled relative risk=0.81, 95% CI: 0.72–0.92) 292 .…”

Section: Risk Factors and Preventive Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of ovarian cancer: a review

Reid

Permuth

Sellers

2017

Cancer Biology &Amp; Medicine

1,107

403

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Ovarian cancer (OC) is the seventh most commonly diagnosed cancer among women in the world and the tenth most common in China. Epithelial OC is the most predominant pathologic subtype, with five major histotypes that differ in origination, pathogenesis, molecular alterations, risk factors, and prognosis. Genetic susceptibility is manifested by rare inherited mutations with high to moderate penetrance. Genome-wide association studies have additionally identified 29 common susceptibility alleles for OC, including 14 subtype-specific alleles. Several reproductive and hormonal factors may lower risk, including parity, oral contraceptive use, and lactation, while others such as older age at menopause and hormone replacement therapy confer increased risks. These associations differ by histotype, especially for mucinous OC, likely reflecting differences in etiology. Endometrioid and clear cell OC share a similar, unique pattern of associations with increased risks among women with endometriosis and decreased risks associated with tubal ligation. OC risks associated with other gynecological conditions and procedures, such as hysterectomy, pelvic inflammatory disease, and polycystic ovarian syndrome, are less clear. Other possible risk factors include environmental and lifestyle factors such as asbestos and talc powder exposures, and cigarette smoking. The epidemiology provides clues on etiology, primary prevention, early detection, and possibly even therapeutic strategies.

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“…Physical activity may have a protective role [27]. Other protective factors include higher parity, lactation, combined oral contraceptive use, hysterectomy (with ovarian conservation) and tubal ligation [28][29][30]. The protective nature of pregnancy, breastfeeding, and contraceptive use support the theory of ''incessant ovulation'' which suggests that the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer is increased through the repetitive ovulatory trauma and exposure to estrogen which stimulates epithelial proliferation and malignant transformation [31,32].…”

Section: Gynaecological Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer in Pacific people in New Zealand

Meredith

Sarfati

Ikeda

et al. 2012

Cancer Causes Control

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Pacific people in New Zealand have a disproportionate cancer burden related to infectious diseases such as HPV and Hepatitis B. However, with escalating evidence for causal associations between diabetes, obesity, and physical inactivity with various cancers, the challenge will be to prevent these cancers from rising in Pacific people who have the highest rates of these conditions in New Zealand. Disparities for tobacco-related cancers support tobacco consumption as another important cause of cancer incidence disparity. Continued efforts are needed to reduce infectious disease and improve screening program uptake among Pacific people.

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Physical activity, body size and composition, and risk of ovarian cancer

Abstract: This study found some evidence for a possible relationship between higher levels of physical activity and body size and increased ovarian cancer risk.

Cited by 39 publications

References 90 publications

Chronic Recreational Physical Inactivity and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk: Evidence from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

Chronic Recreational Physical Inactivity and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk: Evidence from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

Epidemiology of ovarian cancer: a review

Cancer in Pacific people in New Zealand

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