Physical activity, dietary habits and adenomatous polyps of the sigmoid colon: A study of self-defense officials in Japan

Kono, Suminori; Shinchi, Koichi; Ikeda, Norihiro; Yanai, Fumio; Imanishi, Koji

doi:10.1016/0895-4356(91)90158-6

Cited by 111 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The overall lack of association is consistent with a report of no association between asymptomatic adenomas and a physical activity index (Stemmermann et al, 1988) in the same cohort as that in which an inverse association with colon cancer was found (Severson et al, 1989). On the other hand, the inverse association with running or cycling is consistent with previous studies of recreational activity and both symptomatic (Kato et al, 1990) and asymptomatic (Kono et al, 1991) adenomas. An inverse association with energy intake is consistent with two previous studies of asymptomatic adenomas (Hoff et al, 1986;Stemmermann et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The lack of an association with body mass index is consistent with previous studies of asymptomatic adenomas (Stemmermann et Kono et al, 1991) and of colorectal cancer (Willett, 1989a). Studies of symptomatic adenomas have yielded results which are inconsistent both with one another (Mannes et al, 1986;Sandler et al, 1988) and with the studies of asymptomatic adenomas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Physical activity has been considered only in two previous studies, in one of which no association was found (Stemmermann et al, 1988) and in the other an inverse association (Kono et al, 1991). The studies of the relationship between adenomas and energy intake (Hoff et al, 1986;Macquart-Moulin et al, 1987;Stemmermann et al, 1988) and body size (Mannes et al, 1986;Sandler et al, 1988;Stemmermann et al, 1988;Kono et al, 1991) (Little et al, 1993).During the interview, a complete occupational history was recorded. This information was classified according to the Registrar General's classification of occupations (Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, 1970).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colorectal adenomas and energy intake, body size and physical activity: a case-control study of subjects participating in the Nottingham faecal occult blood screening programme

Little

Logan²,

Hawtin³

et al. 1993

Br J Cancer

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(Bartram & Wynder, 1989), and obesity appears at most to be weakly related to colorectal cancer (Willett, 1989a). Interpretation of the weak association with obesity is complicated by the fact that weight loss may be a sign of the disease. To obviate the possible direct effect of the tumour on a variety of possible risk factors, studies of adenomatous polyps have been advocated. Physical activity has been considered only in two previous studies, in one of which no association was found (Stemmermann et al., 1988) and in the other an inverse association (Kono et al., 1991). The studies of the relationship between adenomas and energy intake (Hoff et al., 1986;Macquart-Moulin et al., 1987;Stemmermann et al., 1988) and body size (Mannes et al., 1986;Sandler et al., 1988;Stemmermann et al., 1988;Kono et al., 1991) (Little et al., 1993).During the interview, a complete occupational history was recorded. This information was classified according to the Registrar General's classification of occupations (Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, 1970). These data were used to derive measures of socio-economic status based on the subject's current job at interview, their last job before retirement, the job they held for the longest period (if this was 'housewife' or 'househusband', that held for the second longest period was considered) and the job of the highest class.Subjects were asked to state, for the year prior to interview, how much of the day they spent sitting, standing, walking or in heavy work (with categories none, less than half, about half or more and practically all) and how often in this period they took the following forms of exercise -sport/ keep-fit, hard labour such as heavy gardening, housework, brisk walking for half an hour continuously, running or cycling for half an hour continuously and other exercise (with the categories of none, less than once a week, once a week, twice a week or more).Repeatability Thirty-four repeat interviews were completed. The correlation coefficient for energy intake between the two interviews was 0.57. Regarding physical activity, the agreement was better for variables relating to the frequency of undertaking different specific activities (kappa 0.64-0.76) than for the proportion of the day spent in different activities (kappa 0.34-0.48 The method of calculating energy intake has been described in the accompanying paper (Little et al., 1993). In addition to considering associations with each specific component of physical activity in the year prior to interview, summary scores were also derived. Scores for daily activity level in the year prior to interview were calculated as the product of a value for the proportion of the day spent on the activity times the intensity of the activity. The values for the proportion of the day spent on the activity were taken as 1 for less than half, 2 for about half or more and 3 for

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colorectal adenomas and energy intake, body size and physical activity: a case-control study of subjects participating in the Nottingham faecal occult blood screening programme

Little

Logan²,

Hawtin³

et al. 1993

Br J Cancer

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“…All officials retiring from the SDF receive a pre-retirement health examination as part of a nationwide programme which offers a comprehensive medical examination. Details of the health examination have been described elsewhere [14,15,16,17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coffee consumption and glucose tolerance status in middle-aged Japanese men

et al. 2004

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Aims/hypothesis. Several studies have reported that coffee has a protective effect against the development of type 2 diabetes. However, few of these studies used the standard glucose tolerance test to diagnose type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between coffee and green tea consumption and glucose tolerance status as determined using a 75-g OGTT. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study of 3224 male officials of the self-defence forces. Glucose tolerance status was determined in accordance with the 1998 World Health Organization criteria, and average intakes of coffee and green tea over the previous year were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. The figures obtained were adjusted for BMI, physical activity and other factors. Results.A total of 1130 men were identified as having glucose intolerance (IFG, IGT or type 2 diabetes). Compared with those who did not consume coffee on a daily basis, fasting and 2-h post-load plasma glucose levels were 1.5% and 4.3% lower in those who drank 5 cups of coffee or more per day respectively. The adjusted odds ratios of glucose intolerance for categories of <1, 1-2, 3-4 and ≥5 cups of coffee per day were 1.0 (referent), 0.8 (95% CI 0.6-1.0), 0.7 (95% CI 0.6-0.9) and 0.7 (95% CI 0.5-0.9) respectively (p=0.0001 for trend). No clear association was observed between green tea drinking and glucose tolerance status. Conclusions/interpretation. Coffee consumption may inhibit postprandial hyperglycaemia and thereby protect against the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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“…Because adenomatous polyps are likely precursors of colorectal carcinoma (Enterline et al 1962; Stryker et al, 1987;Jass, 1989;Pollock and Quirke, 1991), research has focused on risk factors for colorectal adenomas in recent years. Many studies have reported protective associations of physical activity with risk of colorectal adenomas (Kato et al, 1990;Kono et al, 1991;Benito et al, 1993;Giovannucci et al, 1996), and others have demonstrated more modest protective associations (Little et al, 1993;Giovannucci et al, 1995;Sandler et al, 1995). Whether the protective effects are greater among certain subgroups of the population or are restricted to recent or past activity is uncertain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent and past physical activity and prevalence of colorectal adenomas

Enger

Longnecker²,

Lee³

et al. 1997

Br J Cancer

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Summary Epidemiological evidence has generally supported a protective association of physical activity with large-bowel adenomas, but whether the protective effects are restricted to recent or past activity is uncertain. We determined whether recent and past recreational or total daily activity was associated with prevalence of colorectal adenomas among male and female members of a prepaid health plan in Los Angeles who underwent sigmoidoscopy (n = 488 matched pairs). Participants, aged 50-74 years, completed a 126-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire and were also interviewed regarding non-dietary risk factors in 1991-93. In the univariate analysis, all measures of recent recreational physical activity were associated with reduced prevalence of polyps. After adjustment for body mass index, smoking status, daily servings of fruit and vegetables, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and intakes of calories, saturated fat and alcohol, the associations were weakened. For subjects engaging in high-intensity activities compared with subjects not engaging in vigorous activities, the multivariate odds ratio (OR) for recent recreational activity was 0.7 [95 % confidence interval (Cl) 0.4-1.1, trend P = 0.08]. Past recreational activity and past or recent total daily activity were not associated with prevalence of adenomas. These results support a modest association of recent recreational physical activity with prevalence of colorectal adenomas.Keywords: colorectal adenoma; physical activity; case-control study Results of epidemiological studies over the past two decades have fairly consistently supported a protective association of physical activity with cancer of the large bowel (Lee et al, 1991;Dosemeci et al, 1993;Fraser and Pearce, 1993;Potter et al, 1993;Longnecker et al, 1995). Because adenomatous polyps are likely precursors of colorectal carcinoma (Enterline et al 1962; Stryker et al, 1987;Jass, 1989;Pollock and Quirke, 1991), research has focused on risk factors for colorectal adenomas in recent years. Many studies have reported protective associations of physical activity with risk of colorectal adenomas (Kato et al, 1990;Kono et al, 1991;Benito et al, 1993;Giovannucci et al, 1996), and others have demonstrated more modest protective associations (Little et al, 1993;Giovannucci et al, 1995;Sandler et al, 1995). Whether the protective effects are greater among certain subgroups of the population or are restricted to recent or past activity is uncertain.In the present study, extensive data on diet, smoking and other lifestyle factors were collected and controlled in the analyses of several indicators of recent and past physical activity with colorectal adenomas among men and women who underwent sigmoidoscopy in Los Angeles. METHODSSubjects of either sex were eligible for the study if they underwent sigmoidoscopy at either of two southern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Centers (Bellflower and Sunset) from 1 January 1991 to 25 August 1993 and fulfilled the following criteria: age 50-74...

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Physical activity, dietary habits and adenomatous polyps of the sigmoid colon: A study of self-defense officials in Japan

Cited by 111 publications

References 21 publications

Colorectal adenomas and energy intake, body size and physical activity: a case-control study of subjects participating in the Nottingham faecal occult blood screening programme

Colorectal adenomas and energy intake, body size and physical activity: a case-control study of subjects participating in the Nottingham faecal occult blood screening programme

Coffee consumption and glucose tolerance status in middle-aged Japanese men

Recent and past physical activity and prevalence of colorectal adenomas

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