Physical Activity Opportunities Associated With Fitness and Weight Status Among Adolescents in Low-Income Communities

Madsen, Kristine A.; Gosliner, Wendi; Woodward-Lopez, Gail; Crawford, Patricia B.

doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.181

Cited by 50 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The test, most often administered during PE, is more likely to miss students not taking PE. Because greater participation in PE has been associated with improved BMI,39 missing data might result in an underestimate of prevalence in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Interventions to be considered might include: restricting advertising of unhealthy products both in schools and during television programming targeted at children;35, 36 taxing sugar sweetened beverages, which have been causally linked to obesity;37 banning the sale of sugar-sweetened beverages and snacks high in fat or sugar during the school day (such policies in California may be related to declines in obesity seen after 2005);38 and increasing the quality and quantity of physical education 39–42. Providing levers to allow low-income communities to benefit first and most from such policies may address disparities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disparities in Peaks, Plateaus, and Declines in Prevalence of High BMI Among Adolescents

2010

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Objectives-To investigate trends in prevalence of high BMI from 2001 to 2008 and examine race/ethnic disparities. No girls and few boys showed a decline after peaking in prevalence of BMI ≥ 99 th . In 2008, disparities in prevalence were greatest for BMI ≥ 99 th %tile, with prevalence of 4.9% for American Indian girls (OR 3.8; 95% CI 3.0, 4.8), 4.6% for African Americans (OR 3.6; 95% CI 3.2, 3.9), vs 1.3% for non-Hispanic white girls. Methods-SubjectsConclusions-Based on statewide California data, prevalence of high BMI is declining for some groups but has not declined for American Indian and African American girls. These trends portend greater disparities over time, particularly in severe obesity. Interventions and policies tailored to the highest risk groups should be pursued.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in Peaks, Plateaus, and Declines in Prevalence of High BMI Among Adolescents

2010

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“…Physical activity benefits from AST related to energy balance may be partly or completely offset by the energy-dense caloric content of fast food consumed if adolescents purchased and consumed fast food on their way to or from school. A study involving 19 California public schools found that group-level rates of student active commuting were associated with higher BMIz scores, and active commuters were significantly more likely than passive commuters to purchase food while in transit to school (Madsen et al, 2009); as such, the association between active school transport and BMIz lost statistical significance after controlling for food purchases while in transit. The observational, cross-sectional nature of the data precludes causal inferences, and to rule out reverse causation; for instance, the desire or motivation to consume fast food may trigger active school transport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active school transport and fast food intake: Are there racial and ethnic differences?

Sanchez‐Vaznaugh

Bécares

Sallis

et al. 2016

Preventive Medicine

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Objectives To investigate whether active school transport was associated with fast food consumption, and to examine differences across racial/ethnic groups. Methods Adolescent data (n=3,194) from the 2009 California Health Interview Survey were analyzed with logistic regression models to examine the association between active school transport (AST) and fast food intake across racial/ethnic groups. Results In the overall sample, AST during 1–2 days in the past week was associated with greater likelihood of fast food intake (OR: 1.58; 95%CI: 1.03–2.43), compared with zero days of AST, controlling for demographic and other factors. The association between AST and fast food intake differed significantly by race/ethnicity (p<0.01). Among Latino adolescents, greater frequency of AST was significantly associated with greater likelihood of fast food intake (1–2 days OR, 2.37, 95%CI: 1.05–5.35; 3–4 days OR, 2.78, 95%CI: 1.04–7.43; 5 days OR, 2.20, 95%CI: 1.23–3.93). Among White and Asian adolescents, there was a curvilinear pattern: relative to adolescents who reported zero days of AST, those who did AST 1–2 days/week had greater likelihood of fast food intake, but AST of 3–4 days and 5 days/week was associated respectively, with higher and lower likelihood of fast food intake among both groups. Conclusions AST appears to be a risk factor for fast food intake, and may expose some ethnic groups more than others to increased opportunity to purchase and consume fast food. Programs and policies to promote AST among adolescents should incorporate efforts to encourage healthy eating and discourage concentration of fast food outlets near schools.

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“…A second study investigated physical activity opportunities and fitness among 7 th and 9 th grade adolescents in low-income communities. [25] Self-reported use of physical activity facilities was linked to better fitness (lower 1-mile run times). The present study is the first to use an objective measure of the number of commercial PA facilities around a girl’s home, rather than the girl’s perception of the availability of commercial PA facilities, to study the relationship between the environment and fitness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Proximity to Commercial Physical Activity Facilities Among 12th Grade Girls

Dowda¹,

Pfeiffer²,

Lobelo³

et al. 2012

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Purpose To investigate the relationship between proximity to commercial physical activity facilities and cardiorespiratory fitness of 12th grade girls. Methods Adolescent girls (N=786, 60% African American, mean age=17.6 ± 0.6 years) performed a submaximal fitness test (PWC170). Commercial physical activity facilities were mapped and counted within a 0.75-mile street-network buffer around girls’ homes using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Sedentary activities and vigorous physical activity (VPA, greater or equal to 6 METs) were determined by the average number of 30-minute blocks reported per day on the 3-Day Physical Activity Recall (3DPAR). Mixed model regressions were calculated using school as a random variable. Results Girls had higher weight-relative PWC170 scores if there was a commercial physical activity facility (n=186, 12.4±4.2 kg·m/min/kg) within 0.75-mile street-network buffer of home as compared to girls without a nearby facility (n=600, 11.2±3.6 kg·m/min/kg). After adjusting for demographic variables, sports participation, sedentary behaviors and VPA, having one or more commercial physical activity facilities within a 0.75-mile street-network buffer of homes was significantly related to cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusions Both with and without adjustment for covariates, the presence of a commercial physical activity facility within a 0.75-mile street-network buffer of a girl’s home was associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness.

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Physical Activity Opportunities Associated With Fitness and Weight Status Among Adolescents in Low-Income Communities

Cited by 50 publications

References 31 publications

Disparities in Peaks, Plateaus, and Declines in Prevalence of High BMI Among Adolescents

Disparities in Peaks, Plateaus, and Declines in Prevalence of High BMI Among Adolescents

Active school transport and fast food intake: Are there racial and ethnic differences?

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Proximity to Commercial Physical Activity Facilities Among 12th Grade Girls

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