Physical Activity Plays an Important Role in Body Weight Regulation

Chaput, Jean‐Philippe; Klingenberg, Lars; Rosenkilde, Mads; Gilbert, Jo‐Anne; Tremblay, Angelo; Sjödin, Anders

doi:10.1155/2011/360257

Cited by 129 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…The finding that UI increases physically active leisure is consistent with theory that reductions in the opportunity cost of time will lead individuals to engage in time-consuming leisure activities, such as exercise. Possible long-run health effects of leisure time physical activity include better weight management, lower risk of chronic disease, and reduced risk of death (Warburton et al, 2006, Ruhm, 2005, Chaput et al, 2011 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unemployment Insurance and Physical Activity

Cylus¹

2017

Human Capital and Health Behavior

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Unemployment insurance (UI) reduces the opportunity cost of leisure, but it is unknown whether this additional leisure time is physically active. To obtain unbiased estimates of the effect of UI on physically active leisure participation, I exploit changes in UI program legislation across US states and time. Using nationally representative monthly data between 2003 and 2010 from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and the American Time Use Survey (ATUS), I find evidence that both state UI eligibility expansions and increases in maximum allowable state UI benefits coincide with greater probability of physical activity among the recently unemployed. Based on point estimates, state UI eligibility expansions increased the probability of physical activity participation by 8 to 10 percentage points among the unemployed with less than a high school education, while a 10 percent increase in the maximum allowable state UI benefit increased the probability of physical activity by 0.3 to 0.6 percentage points among the unemployed who have completed high school or some college.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unemployment Insurance and Physical Activity

Cylus¹

2017

Human Capital and Health Behavior

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“…Our hypothesis is based on the evidence that numerous psychological and hedonic drivers of ingestive behaviour can potentially be positively modulated by physical activity. In particular, the regular practice of physical activity has been shown to decrease the risk of stress-induced weight gain (1,5) . Psychological benefits provided by exercise are not trivial and there is no doubt that we should aim at increasing the physical:mental activity ratio in our modern way of living (6) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is physical activity in weight management more about ‘calories in’ than ‘calories out’?

Chaput¹,

Sharma

2011

Br J Nutr

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)In the field of obesity research, physical activity has traditionally been considered a strategy to use energy. Most treadmills and exercise bikes display 'calories' and many people are obsessed about burning those extra 'calories', often only to eat or drink them right back. Although the results of exercise programmes designed to reduce body weight are generally considered disappointing, there is no doubt that some individuals can experience substantial weight loss with regular physical activity. In recent intervention studies, the same amount of supervised aerobic exercise has been shown to result in substantial weight loss in some individuals and even weight gain in others (1,2) . Thus, there appears to be almost no relationship between the amount of energy expended during exercise and changes in body weight. For example, a 10 lb (4·5 kg) weight loss within 10 weeks of taking up an exercise programme would require the burning of 35 000 kcal (146 440 kJ), which would correspond to about 1 h of intensive aerobic exercise daily. However, as recently reviewed (1) , physical activity is more than simply a strategy to use energy. The stimulus of exercise provides a wide range of metabolic adaptations that improve overall health and can be associated with marked reductions in abdominal fat and increases in skeletal muscle mass (3) . In addition to the positive effects of exercise on energy expenditure and metabolism, the discussion about the benefits of exercise on weight management generally fails to acknowledge the substantial positive impact that physical activity can have on ingestive behaviour. We hypothesise that while the homeostatic system of energy regulation may well respond with a compensatory increase in hunger (4) , the effects of exercise on the hedonic system can lead to a substantial decrease in energy intake in some individuals. Our hypothesis is based on the evidence that numerous psychological and hedonic drivers of ingestive behaviour can potentially be positively modulated by physical activity. In particular, the regular practice of physical activity has been shown to decrease the risk of stress-induced weight gain (1,5) . Psychological benefits provided by exercise are not trivial and there is no doubt that we should aim at increasing the physical:mental activity ratio in our modern way of living (6) . Additionally, physical activity has been reported to improve sleep quality (7) . Considering that lack of sleep is itself a stressor that has been associated with weight gain (8) , physical activity can have a stress-buffer effect and might improve appetite control in short-duration sleepers. Given that contemporary society is generally characterised by high levels of mental stress and impaired sleep (9) , regular physical activity might help buffering these stressors and breaking the stress-feeding habits. This concept is supported by studies showing that stress-relief activities (e.g. relaxation, yoga, meditation, etc.), which do not burn a large amount of energy per se, are generally effectiv...

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“…Evidence shows physical inactivity during childhood to be associated with higher risk of childhood obesity, as well as being a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and osteoporosis in later life [1]. Physical activity has an important role in body weight regulation, both in preventing weight gain and maintaining weight loss over time [2]. As such, understanding young people's physical activity behaviours is important in promoting participation among this group, particularly when activity patterns may vary between lean and obese children [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young people's views on accelerometer use in physical activity research: findings from a user-involvement investigation

et al. 2012

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The use of accelerometers to objectively measure physical activity is important in understanding young people's behaviours, as physical activity plays a key part in obesity prevention and treatment. A user-involvement qualitative study with young people aged 7-18 years (n = 35) was carried out to investigate views on accelerometer use to inform an obesity treatment research study. First impressions were often negative, with issues related to size and comfort reported. Unwanted attention from wearing an accelerometer and bullying risk were also noted. Other disadvantages included feeling embarrassed and not being able to wear the device for certain activities. Positive aspects included feeling "special" and having increased attention from friends. Views on the best time to wear accelerometers were mixed. Advice was offered on how to make accelerometers more appealing, including presenting them in a positive way, using a clip rather than elastic belt to attach, personalising the device, and having feedback on activity levels. Judgements over the way in which accelerometers are used should be made at the study development stage and based on the individual population. In particular, introducing accelerometers in a clear and positive way is important. Including a trial wearing period, considering practical issues, and providing incentives may help increase compliance.

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Physical Activity Plays an Important Role in Body Weight Regulation

Cited by 129 publications

References 108 publications

Unemployment Insurance and Physical Activity

Unemployment Insurance and Physical Activity

Is physical activity in weight management more about ‘calories in’ than ‘calories out’?

Young people's views on accelerometer use in physical activity research: findings from a user-involvement investigation

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