Physical activity programs for balance and fall prevention in elderly

Thomas, Ewan; Battaglia, Giuseppe; Patti, Antonino; Brusa, Jessica; Leonardi, Vincenza; Palma, Antonio; Bellafiore, Marianna

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000016218

Cited by 266 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Regular exercise is important for maintaining general health status [34]. Physical activity is meant to be a factor that accelerates the increase of bodily functions [9] with a positive impact on balance control [30]. Apart from improving neuroplasticity, physical activity can also modulate multiple systems that are known to regulate neuroinflammation and glial activation [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Balance impairment and postural instability are also the common incapacitating symptoms of PD, which usually occur in the middle-later stages of the disease [28]. Results from systematic reviews indicate that balance training may have a positive effect on treating postural instability among people with PD and healthy older adults [28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Immunomodulary Effects of Systematic Exercise in Older Adults and People with Parkinson’s Disease

Szymura

Kubica

Więcek

et al. 2020

JCM

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We sought to investigate whether regular balance training of moderate intensity (BT) has an effect on changes in selected cytokines, neurotrophic factors, CD200 and fractalkine in healthy older adults and participants with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Sixty-two subjects were divided into groups depending on experimental intervention: (1) group of people with PD participating in BT (PDBT), (2) group of healthy older people participating in BT (HBT), (3,4) control groups including healthy individuals (HNT) and people with PD (PDNT). Blood samples were collected twice: before and after 12 weeks of balance exercise (PDBT, HBT), or 12 weeks apart (PDNT, HNT). The study revealed significant increase of interleukin10 (PDBT, p = 0.026; HBT, p = 0.011), β-nerve growth factor (HBT, p = 0.002; PDBT, p = 0.016), transforming growth factor-β1 (PDBT, p = 0.018; HBT, p < 0.004), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (PDBT, p = 0.011; HBT, p < 0.001) and fractalkine (PDBT, p = 0.045; HBT, p < 0.003) concentration only in training groups. In PDBT, we have found a significant decrease of tumor necrosis factor alpha. No training effect on concentration of interleukin6, insulin-like growth factor 1 and CD200 was observed in both training and control groups. Regular training can modulate level of inflammatory markers and induce neuroprotective mechanism to reduce the inflammatory response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunomodulary Effects of Systematic Exercise in Older Adults and People with Parkinson’s Disease

Szymura

Kubica

Więcek

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…We selected a set of risk factors a priori that had previously been shown to be associated with balance or other measures of physical capability at a single time point in NSHD and other studies (Kuh et al, 2006(Kuh et al, , 2009aBirnie et al, 2011b;Cooper et al, 2011aCooper et al, ,c, 2015Strand et al, 2011a,b;Welmer et al, 2012;D'Andréa Greve et al, 2013;Amemiya et al, 2019;Thomas et al, 2019).…”

Section: Assessment Of Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Factors Across Life and One-Legged Balance Performance in Mid and Later Life: Evidence From a British Birth Cohort Study

Blodgett

Cooper

Davis

et al. 2020

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Introduction: Despite its associations with falls, disability, and mortality, balance is an under-recognized and frequently overlooked aspect of aging. Studies investigating associations between factors across life and balance are limited. Understanding the factors related to balance performance could help identify protective factors and appropriate interventions across the life course. This study aimed to: (i) identify socioeconomic, anthropometric, behavioral, health, and cognitive factors that are associated with one-legged balance performance; and (ii) explore how these associations change with age. Methods: Data came from 3,111 members of the MRC National Survey of Health and Development, a British birth cohort study. Multilevel models examined how one-legged standing balance times (assessed at ages 53, 60-64, and 69) were associated with 15 factors across life: sex, maternal education (4 years), paternal occupation (4 years), own education (26 years), own occupation (53 years), and contemporaneous measures (53, 60-64, 69 years) of height, BMI, physical activity, smoking, diabetes, respiratory symptoms, cardiovascular events, knee pain, depression and verbal memory. Age and sex interactions with each variable were assessed. Results: Men had 18.8% (95%CI: 13.6, 23.9) longer balance times than women at age 53, although this difference decreased with age (11.8% at age 60-64 and 7.6% at age 69). Disadvantaged socioeconomic position in childhood and adulthood, low educational attainment, less healthy behaviors, poor health status, lower cognition, higher body mass index (BMI), and shorter height were associated with poorer balance at all three ages. For example, at age 53, those from the lowest paternal occupational classes had 29.6% (22.2, 38.8) worse balance than those from the highest classes. Associations of balance with socioeconomic indicators, cognition and physical activity became smaller with age, while associations with knee pain and depression became larger. There were no sex differences in these associations. In a combined model, the majority of factors remained associated with balance. Discussion: This study identified numerous risk factors across life that are associated with one-legged balance performance and highlighted diverse patterns of association with age, suggesting that there are opportunities to intervene in early, mid and later life. A multifactorial approach to intervention, at both societal and individual levels, may have more benefit than focusing on a single risk factor.

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“…10Most studies have concluded that physical activity, even recreational, is effective to maintain balance control and prevent falls. [11][12][13][14] Several authors have analysed the impact of different kinds of physical exercises and have found that Pilates, stair climbing, vibration Summary Background: Given the public health problem generated by posture and gait disorders, a preventive approach is essential.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…training, Tai Chi or dancing can significantly improve balance and reduce the risk of falling. 11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Given the public health problem created by posture and gait disturbances and falls, a preventive approach seems essential. Of course, this type of program tends to be more effective when it is introduced earlier.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of an ambulatory physical activity program on balance and motor abilities of retirees: a prospective study

Manckoundia

Barthélémy²,

Bonnot³

et al. 2020

Int J Clin Pract

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Summary Background Given the public health problem generated by posture and gait disorders, a preventive approach is essential. Objective We investigated the impact of an ambulatory physical activity program (APAP) on the motor skills of retirees. Method Retirees ≥60 years were recruited in this prospective study. The APAP was supported by a French regional health insurance plan. Between inclusion (T0) and 12 weeks (T1), subjects participated in an APAP (1 h/wk) that included strengthening muscular exercises, balance work, joint flexibility exercises, one‐leg‐balance test (OLB), stimulation of the foot arch and rise‐from‐the‐floor (RFF). Timed‐up‐and‐go test (TUG) duration, gait speed (GS), OLB duration and RFF success were compared between T1 and T0. Results Two hundred subjects (86% women) were enrolled; mean age was 73.8 years (45.5% ≥75 years). TUG durations (s) were lower at T1 than at T0 (8.98 and 9.64; P < .0001). The GS (m/s) and OLB durations (s) were higher at T1 than at T0 (1.26 vs 1.12 for GS, 16.16 vs 13.02 for OLB; P < .0001). The rate of participants who successfully completed RFF was higher at T1 (94%) than at T0 (76%) (P < .0001). After the APAP, TUG duration was reduced in 64.5% of cases, the GS improved in 73% of cases, OLB duration increased in 50% of cases and RFF became possible in 18.5% of cases (all P < .0001). Conclusion Physical activity programs are effective for improving motor performance, even in older adults. Retirees must be encouraged to do regular physical activity to prevent or slow the functional decline associated with ageing, and to improve their overall quality of life.

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Physical activity programs for balance and fall prevention in elderly

Cited by 266 publications

References 54 publications

The Immunomodulary Effects of Systematic Exercise in Older Adults and People with Parkinson’s Disease

The Immunomodulary Effects of Systematic Exercise in Older Adults and People with Parkinson’s Disease

Associations Between Factors Across Life and One-Legged Balance Performance in Mid and Later Life: Evidence From a British Birth Cohort Study

Impact of an ambulatory physical activity program on balance and motor abilities of retirees: a prospective study

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