Physical analysis of the shielding capacity for a lightweight apron designed for shielding low intensity scattering X-rays

Kim, Seon Chil; Choi, Jeong Ryeol; Jeon, Byeong Kyou

doi:10.1038/srep27721

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Previous studies demonstrated the effect of barium sulfate composite thyroid collars and apron on radiation protection for operators during the use of fluoroscopy and X-ray [ 15 , 16 ]. However, there has been no study investigating the effect of patient organ shield during C-arm fluoroscopic examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shielding effect of radiation dose reduction fiber during the use of C-arm fluoroscopy: a phantom study

Cha

Lee

Park

et al. 2020

Journal of Radiation Research

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This study evaluated the shielding effect of a newly developed dose-reduction fiber (DRF) made from barium sulfate, in terms of radiation doses delivered to patients’ radiosensitive organs and operator during C-arm fluoroscopy and its impact on the quality of images. A C-arm fluoroscopy unit was placed beside a whole-body phantom. Radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeters were attached to the back and front of the whole-body phantom at 20 cm intervals. Radiation doses were measured without DRF and with it applied to the back (position 1), front (position 2) or both sides (position 3) of the phantom. To investigate the impact of DRF on the quality of fluoroscopic images, step-wedge and modulation transfer function phantoms were used. The absorbed radiation doses to the back of the phantom significantly decreased by 25.3–88.8% after applying DRF to positions 1 and 3. The absorbed radiation doses to the front of the phantom significantly decreased by 55.3–93.6% after applying DRF to positions 2 and 3. The contrast resolution values for each adjacent step area fell in the range 0.0119–0.0209, 0.0128–0.0271, 0.0135–0.0339 and 0.0152–0.0339 without and with DRF applied to positions 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The investigated DRF effectively reduces absorbed radiation doses to patients and operators without decreasing the quality of C-arm fluoroscopic images. Therefore, routine clinical use of the DRF is recommended during the use of C-arm fluoroscopy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shielding effect of radiation dose reduction fiber during the use of C-arm fluoroscopy: a phantom study

Cha

Lee

Park

et al. 2020

Journal of Radiation Research

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“…Therefore, there can be problems in the reproducibility of the shielding performance of a manufactured radiation shielding film (RSF). However, the surface hardness and tensile strength of RSFs are typically excellent [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Correlation between Shielding Material Blending Characteristics and Porosity for Radiation Shielding Films

Kim

Cho

2019

Applied Sciences

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The most important factors in the manufacture of shielded sheets are shielding ratio, light weight, and tensile strength. The base material should provide a light-shielding film with strong physical shock resistance, while maintaining the shielding ratio of lead. Therefore, we studied the correlation between the porosity during the mixing process and the maintenance of the shielding film characteristics. Changes in the shielding ratio can be predicted according to the properties of materials such as polymeric silicon and tungsten oxide. Further, their tensile strength and porosity may change depending on the content of the material. Experiments were carried out for each substance based on the shielding ratio with respect to the processing conditions. For a shielding film using barium sulfate (BaSO4) and polymeric silicon, increasing the porosity by the removal of air in the same manufacturing process resulted in a tensile strength of 6.4 MPa at 22% porosity. For tungsten oxide (WO3), the tensile strength was 10.5 MPa at a porosity of 12%, and for a 0.6 mm sample, the shielding performance was very similar to 0.21 mm of Pb. The porosity during the manufacturing process affected the tensile strength and shielding performance, which were significantly different for each shielding material.

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“…[ 3 ] A typical 0.25 mm lead impregnated apron would weigh approximately 3.25 kg and a 0.5 mm apron would weigh approximately 4.95 kg and may range upto 7 kg, thus causing inconvenience to move around efficiently to perform the desired task. [ 4 5 6 7 ] Such aprons worn for long time durations results in musculoskeletal pain and injury especially to the spine. [ 8 9 ] To reduce this body strain, recent aprons are manufactured using composite materials containing either lead, cadmium, tin, iodine, barium, antimony, or tungsten providing effective shielding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple quality control tool for assessing integrity of lead equivalent aprons

Livingstone

Varghese

2018

Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging

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Background:Protective lead or lead-equivalent (Pbeq) aprons play a key role in providing necessary shielding from secondary radiation to occupational workers. Knowledge on the integrity of these shielding apparels during purchase is necessary to maintain adequate radiation safety.Aim:The aim of the study was to evaluate the lead equivalence in aprons based on simple quality assessment tool.Materials and Methods:0.25 mm and 0.5 mm lead and lead-free aprons from 6 manufacturers were assessed using a calibrated digital X-ray unit. The percentage attenuation values of the aprons were determined at 100 kVp using an ionization chamber and the pixel intensities were analyzed using digital radiographic images of lead apron, copper step wedge tool, and 2 mm thick lead.Results:Mean radiation attenuation of 90% and 97% was achieved in 0.25 mm and 0.5 mm lead or lead-free aprons respectively. The pixel intensities from 0.25 mm Pbeq apron correspond to 0.8–1.2 mm thickness of Cu while 0.5 mm Pbeq aprons correspond to 2.0–2.8 mm of Cu.Conclusion:Pixel intensity increased with increase in the thickness of copper step wedge indicating a corresponding increase in lead equivalence in aprons. It is suggestive that aprons should be screened for its integrity from the time of purchase using computed tomography (CT), fluoroscopy, or radiography. It is recommended that this simple test tool could be used for checking lead equivalence if any variation in contrast is seen in the image during screening.

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Physical analysis of the shielding capacity for a lightweight apron designed for shielding low intensity scattering X-rays

Cited by 34 publications

References 15 publications

Shielding effect of radiation dose reduction fiber during the use of C-arm fluoroscopy: a phantom study

Shielding effect of radiation dose reduction fiber during the use of C-arm fluoroscopy: a phantom study

Analysis of the Correlation between Shielding Material Blending Characteristics and Porosity for Radiation Shielding Films

A simple quality control tool for assessing integrity of lead equivalent aprons

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